Marketing potential of the Sino-Russian bilateral agricultural export market
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Author(s)Zhang FengheLink to ORCID Index: http://orcid.org/0000-0002-2475-1218
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Viktoriia MedvidLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2257-6276
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Lu Xu
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DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.17(2).2021.15
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Article InfoVolume 17 2021, Issue #2, pp. 164-176
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417 Downloads
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Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
China and Russia are important agricultural countries in the world. Expanding exports and increasing sales of agricultural products play an important role in the economic development of both countries. To understand the current situation of agricultural exports of the two countries and formulate strategies to expand the marketing of agricultural products, this paper uses the UN Comtrade Database 2009-2018 on Chinese and Russian bilateral agricultural export sales and other trade data to calculate the (expansion margin) and (price margin) of agricultural exports, (quantity margin), to analyze the types, prices, and quantities of exported agricultural products. The results show that China exports to Russia mainly labor-intensive types of agricultural products such as processed agricultural and horticultural products, accounting for 87.46% of total agricultural exports on average. The increase in exports is mainly due to the continuous increase in the prices of exported agricultural products. Russia exports to China mainly land-intensive types of agricultural products such as animal products, grains, oilseeds and fat products, which accounted for an average of 79.07% of total agricultural exports. The increase in exports was mainly due to the continuous increase in types and quantities of agricultural products to develop the export potential of agricultural products and expand sales. In addition, China should expand the types and quantities of agricultural products exported, and Russia should increase the added value of agricultural products and raise the export prices of agricultural products.
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JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)D41, L66, M31
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References35
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Tables2
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Figures3
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- Figure 1. Agricultural trade between China and Russia, 2009–2018
- Figure 2. The proportion of China’s exports of various agricultural products to Russia
- Figure 3. The proportion of Russia’s exports of various agricultural products to China
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- Table 1. The export expansion margins of China and Russia from 2009 to 2018
- Table 2. The ternary margin and contribution rate of different types of agricultural exports of China and Russia
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Competitiveness or complementarity: Analysis of agricultural trade between China and Brazil
Fenghe Zhang
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(4).2021.21
Problems and Perspectives in Management Volume 19, 2021 Issue #4 pp. 258-269 Views: 847 Downloads: 360 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯThe competitiveness and complementarity of trade reflect the advantages and disadvantages of exports and future trade trends. After China joined the WTO, the import and export volume of agricultural products has increased significantly, but the import volume and import growth rate have greatly exceeded the export volume and export growth rate. China is the world’s largest importer of agricultural products, and Brazil has become the world’s largest exporter of agricultural products. As a country with the largest increase in agricultural exports, China and Brazil have close agricultural trade exchanges. China has become Brazil’s largest importer of agricultural products for four consecutive years. In addition, both China and Brazil are BRIC countries; therefore, the establishment of a cooperation mechanism is more conducive to the development of agricultural trade. This study uses quantitative research methods to investigate the agricultural trade between China and Brazil by calculating the revealed comparative advantage index, trade complementarity index, and trade intensity index. The study found that due to the different endowments of agricultural resources and the significant differences in agricultural structure, China and Brazil’s agricultural trade competitiveness is weak and they are highly complementary. The main agricultural products exported by China are labor-intensive processed products (pulp and waste paper, textile fibers, vegetables and fruits), and the main agricultural products exported by Brazil are land-intensive products (oilseeds and oily fruits, vegetable oils, raw hides and furs). Complementary advantages in agricultural trade were analyzed. In the future, the two countries have huge potential for cooperation and development.
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Trade openness and economic growth: Evidence from Azerbaijan
İlgar Seyfullayev
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(1).2022.45
Problems and Perspectives in Management Volume 20, 2022 Issue #1 pp. 564-572 Views: 722 Downloads: 391 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯA review of modern economic literature shows the lack of consensus on the relationship between the trade openness policy and the economic growth of countries. There is also an opinion that the policy of openness in emerging and resource-rich countries presents more opportunities for growth and development. Is this true, and under what conditions does openness lead to growth? Exploring the nature of trade openness and economic growth relationship in resource-rich emerging countries is the purpose of this paper. Therefore, the economy of Azerbaijan, rich in hydrocarbon resources, has been chosen as the object of this study. Next, the VAR model using ADF tests and Johansen’s cointegration was chosen to analyze and evaluate the causal nature of the relationship between openness and growth. Trade openness ratio and GDP per capita growth are model variables. The study covers annual data from 1995 to 2020. It was found that there are no cointegration relationships between variables in the long run. However, there is a unidirectional causal relationship from openness to growth in the short run, and the effect of growth to openness is not statistically significant. The results show that Azerbaijan receives economic benefits from openness by selling oil to the world market. Yet, the short-run nature of such benefits and the lack of feedback from growth to openness suggest specific problems in the diversification and quality of the country’s exports.
