The effect of revenue diversification on the firm value and stability of banks: A comparative study of Nigerian and Malaysian banks

  • Received March 20, 2021;
    Accepted July 30, 2021;
    Published September 29, 2021
  • Author(s)
  • DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/bbs.16(3).2021.13
  • Article Info
    Volume 16 2021 , Issue #3, pp. 141-151
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

This study contributes to the current debate on the downsides and benefits of revenue diversification. Diversification may affect banks when they invest in riskier activities with lower returns, while they benefit from diversified activities that are less risky but have higher returns. The study offers extended implications in the empirical literature using a different measure of revenue diversification from an emerging market perspective. The study uses recent financial data from 26 Malaysian and Nigerian banks for the period 2009–2017, totaling 234 observations. The GMM estimation technique is employed to test the relationship. The results show that revenue diversification – non-interest income/gross revenue ratio (NII), fee and commission income/revenue ratio (NII1), and non-interest income/total assets ratio (NIITA) – significantly affect the firm value and stability of Nigerian banks. Liquidity, administrative expenses, net interest margin (NIM), non-performing loans (NPL), size, GDP growth rate and inflation also affect the firm value and stability of a bank. For Malaysian banks, diversification variables do not significantly affect firm value of a bank, while liquidity, administrative expenses, NIM and size significantly affect firm value. Diversification (NII and NIITA), liquidity, administrative expenses, NIM, NPL, size, GDP growth and inflation rate has a significant impact on the stability of Malaysian banks. The study concludes that revenue diversification affects both the firm value and stability of banks, and to achieve sound financial stability, banks that focus on interest-generating activities may diversify into non-interest-generating activities.

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    • Table 1. Summary of descriptive statistics”
    • Table 2. Firm value sys-GMM model results
    • Table 3. Bank stability (Z-score) sys-GMM model results
    • Conceptualization
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati
    • Data curation
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati, Nurulul Rahmi
    • Formal Analysis
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Nurulul Rahmi
    • Investigation
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam
    • Methodology
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati, Nurulul Rahmi
    • Software
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Marniati
    • Validation
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati, Nurulul Rahmi
    • Visualization
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati
    • Writing – original draft
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Nurulul Rahmi
    • Writing – review & editing
      Oluwaseyi Olalere, Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati
    • Funding acquisition
      Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati
    • Project administration
      Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati
    • Supervision
      Md. Aminul Islam, Marniati, Nurulul Rahmi