Mediating role of employee empowerment for transformational leadership and job satisfaction
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.06
-
Article InfoVolume 21 2023, Issue #1, pp. 59-68
- Cited by
- 1179 Views
-
418 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
The study aimed to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. In addition, it analyzes whether employee empowerment mediates the mentioned relationship. Data were collected from 228 employees of pharmaceutical companies in Jordan (Al Hayat Pharmaceutical Industries, Al Hikma Pharmaceutical Company, and Jordan Swedish Medical Products). The study employed SPSS for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The findings reveal a statistically significant impact of transformational leadership on job satisfaction, empowerment on job satisfaction, transformational leadership on empowerment, and transformational leadership on job satisfaction through empowerment in Jordanian pharmaceutical firms. Furthermore, the results showed that the beta value represents the relative importance, where the intellectual stimulation factor reached the highest level in the size of the impact on the dependent variable, and its value was 0.37 of the total impact. In contrast, inspirational stimulation was the second factor, then the idealized influence factor with 0.30, while the smallest impact size was shown by the dimension of individualized consideration with approximately 0.151. This result indicates the leader’s weak interest and respect for subordinates. The study recommended adopting transformational leadership, supporting employees by empowering them, and conducting more studies on transformational leadership and empowerment in the future.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)M10, M12
-
References25
-
Tables12
-
Figures1
-
- Figure 1. Conceptual model
-
- Table 1. Cronbach’s alpha values
- Table 2. Variation and variance amplification factor test
- Table 3. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and job satisfaction
- Table 4. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and fairness of pay and promotion
- Table 5. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and internal work environment
- Table 6. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and empowerment
- Table 7. Relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction
- Table 8. Relationship between empowerment and fairness of pay and promotion
- Table 9. Relationship between empowerment and internal work environment
- Table 10. Relationship between empowerment and achievements
- Table 11. Regression analysis for the transformational leadership dimensions and empowerment
- Table 12. Relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction through empowerment
-
- Abdul Hussein, S. (2012). The effect of administrative empowerment on job satisfaction among employees of the Technical Education Authority. Journal of Baghdad College of Economics, 20.
- Abul-Nour, M. (2012). Factors affecting leadership behavior patterns of women leaders in local community organizations: A case study on civil society organizations in Rafah Governorate (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). The Islamic University, Gaza, Palestine.
- Ahmed, G., Miller, A. D., Al-Sayed, R. M. Y., & Bin Sannad, F. R. (2016). The charismatic leadership of the founders of the United Arab Emirates (UAE) – H.H. Sheikh Zayed bin Sultan Al Nahyan and H.H. Sheikh Rashid bin Saeed Al Maktoum. The Journal of Human Resource and Adult Learning, 12(1), 122-128.
- Al Ghazo, R. H., & Awad, F. (2010). Leadership and management supervision (1st ed.). Amman, Jordan: Dar Osama for Publishing and Distribution.
- Al Saed, R., & Abu Bakir, S. (2019). The impact of retail setting antecedents on organizational citizenship behavior through job satisfaction. International Business Research, 12(7), 34-44.
- Al Saed, R., & Hussien, A. H. (2019). Impact of organizational citizenship behavior on organizational commitment on Jordanian frontline employees of Arabic Bank. European Scientific Journal, 15(10), 184-204.
- Al-Hiti, K. R. (2005). Human resources management (2nd ed.). Amman, Jordan: Dar Wael for Publishing and Distribution.
- Baladi, M., & Al Saed, R. (2017). The impact of compensation on improving the organizational performance through job satisfaction in Jordanian newspaper. International Journal of Business Quantitative Economic and Applied Management Research, 4(5), 86-102.
- Barnouti, S. (2001). Management: Fundamentals of business administration (1st ed.). Amman, Jordan: Dar Wael for Printing and Publishing.
- Bass, B. M. (2008). The Bass handbook of Leadership: Theory, research, and managerial applications (4th ed.). New York: Free Press.
- Bass, B. M., Avolio, B., Jung, D., & Berson, Y. (2003). Predicting unit performance by assessing transformational and transactional leadership. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(2), 207-218.
- Chun-Chien, T., & Li-Fen, L. (2013). The influence of leadership behavior and psychological empowerment on job satisfaction. International Journal of Organizational Innovation, 5(4), 21-29.
- Hair, J., Ringle, C. M., & Sarstedt, M. (2013). Partial least squares structural equation modeling: Rigorous applications, better results, and higher acceptance. Journal of Long Range Planning, 46(1-2), 1-12.
- Hanafi, A. G. (2008). Organizational behavior and human resources management (2nd ed.). Alexandria, Cairo: University House for Publishing and Distribution.
- Joo, B.-K. (B.), & Lim, T. (2013). Transformational leadership and career satisfaction: The mediating role of psychological empowerment. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 20(3), 316-326.
- Muhammadiyah, O. (2016). The impact of functional empowerment on the creative behavior of employees of the Jordan Tourism Board (Unpublished Master’s Thesis). University of the Middle East, Amman, Jordan.
- Rawya, H. (2001). Human resources management – A future vision (1st ed.). Alexandria, Arab Republic of Egypt: University House for Printing and Publishing.
- Robbins, S. P. (2003). Organizational behavior. New Jersey: Pearson Education International.
- Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research Methods for Business: A Skill-Building Approach (7th ed.). Wiley & Sons, West Sussex.
- Shaqwara, S. (2013). The role of transformational leadership in promoting the social responsibility of private universities in Jordan: An analytical study. Jinan University, Tripoli, Lebanon.
- Shrestha, M. (2020). Transformational leadership and its dimensions: Contributions in organizational change among schools. BSSS Journal of Management, 11(1), 112-130.
- Stander, M., & Rothmann, S. (2008). The relationship between leadership, job satisfaction and organizational commitment department of higher education and training (DHET). SA Journal of Human Resource Management, 6(3), a145.
- Toragall, P. A., & Vyas, B. (2014). A study on women empowerment through self-help groups (SHGs). International Journal of Research in Commerce & Management, 5(11), 74-82.
- Yang, Y.-F. (2016). Examining competing models of transformational leadership, leadership trust, change commitment, and job satisfaction. Psychological Reports, 119(1), 154-173.
- Zraiqat, Y. Z., & Al Saed, R. (2019). The impact of empowerment requirements in improving job performance at Al-Manaseer group. Journal of Economic and Business Studies the Islamic of Gaza University (IUGJEPS), 27(3), 15-40.