Integrating knowledge management with smart technologies in public pharmaceutical organizations

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This study investigates the impact of Knowledge Management (KM) practices, enhanced by smart technologies, on organizational performance within public pharmaceutical organizations in Cairo Governorate, Egypt. Using a descriptive-analytical approach, the study targeted employees from five public pharmaceutical companies in Cairo Governorate, including Memphis Pharmaceuticals, Arab Pharmaceuticals, Cairo Pharmaceuticals, Nile Pharmaceuticals, and EIPICO. These companies were selected based on their public listing and accessible workforce data. Respondents included administrative and technical staff, ensuring a representative sample of the sector. The sample size of 372 was calculated using a 95% confidence level and a 5% margin of error, proportionally distributed across organizations and roles. The results of the study reveal that KM practices significantly enhance operational efficiency and foster innovation, with quantitative evidence showing that KM positively influences operational efficiency (β = 0.42, p < 0.01) and innovation (β = 0.35, p < 0.05). The analysis also indicates that strategic leadership plays a moderating role in the relationship between KM practices and organizational performance. Specifically, the moderation effect of leadership strengthens the impact of KM on operational efficiency (interaction term: β = 0.18, p < 0.05) and innovation (interaction term: β = 0.21, p < 0.05). These findings underscore the critical role of leadership in aligning KM practices with strategic goals, highlighting the potential for public pharmaceutical organizations to achieve higher efficiency and innovation. Organizations operating in highly regulated sectors can drive continuous improvement and achieve sustainable performance outcomes by integrating KM frameworks with advanced technologies and strategic leadership.

Acknowledgment
The authors are thankful to the Deanship of Graduate Studies and Scientific Research at the University of Bisha for supporting this work through the Fast-Track Research Support Program.

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    • Figure 1. Research model
    • Table 1. Employee distribution in public pharmaceutical companies in Cairo Governorate
    • Table 2. Sample distribution across public pharmaceutical companies
    • Table 3. Descriptive statistics of key variables
    • Table 4. Regression results for KM practices and organizational performance
    • Table 5. Regression results for AI tools and operational efficiency
    • Table 6. Regression results for 4.0 technologies and innovation
    • Table 7. Moderation analysis results for strategic leadership
    • Table 8. Summary of hypothesis testing results
    • Table A1. Questionnaire
    • Conceptualization
      Muhanad Mahmoud, Talaat Shma, Adel Aziz, Abdelrehim Awad
    • Data curation
      Muhanad Mahmoud, Talaat Shma, Adel Aziz, Abdelrehim Awad
    • Writing – original draft
      Muhanad Mahmoud, Talaat Shma, Adel Aziz, Abdelrehim Awad
    • Writing – review & editing
      Muhanad Mahmoud, Talaat Shma, Adel Aziz, Abdelrehim Awad
    • Formal Analysis
      Abdelrehim Awad
    • Methodology
      Abdelrehim Awad
    • Supervision
      Abdelrehim Awad