Valentyna Smachylo

The trends and problems of the national labor market are projected in various economic sectors, supplemented by specific features determined by the peculiarities of a certain sector. The formation of workforce capacity in the transport industry of Ukraine has a particular significance; this branch is the main infrastructure component of the sustainable development of the economic system of any level, ensures national economic security, and deals with the logistics complex as a whole. This is the reason why consideration of the global, national, and local tendencies of labor markets’ development and identification of the main determinants of influence on the endogenous environment is necessary for the enterprises of the transport industry, which creates the need for a research in this area. The main trends of the labor market development at all levels of the economic system – from global to industry – have been determined. The multidirectional tendency has been revealed: on the one hand, the industry shows a negative tendency to decrease in volumes in kind, and it is logical to assume that the need for personnel will also decrease, and on the other hand, there is an increasing number of job vacancies. This indicates the imbalance between national and sectoral economic systems and the management of economic processes “in manual mode”, and the need to forecast the number of employees in the industry as the basis of the workforce capacity of transport enterprises. The factors influencing the number of employed in the transport industry have been substantiated: cargo turnover, passenger turnover, and salary level, and a hypothesis for assessing their impact is suggested, which is confirmed by a correlation and regression analysis, which made it possible to generate a forecast model of the number of employed depending on the substantiated factors. The developed model may be applied to predict the number of people employed in the transport industry, taking into account the above factors.

This paper investigates the persistence in the cryptocurrency market, focusing on five distinct groups categorized by their market capitalization during the sample period from 2020 to 2023. The study aims to test two hypotheses: (H1) The degree of persistence in the cryptocurrency market is contingent on market capitalization, and (H2) The efficiency of the cryptocurrency market has increased in recent years. The methodology employed for this examination is R/S analysis. The results indicate that the cryptocurrency market maintains its inefficiency, and no significant variations in persistence are discerned among different cryptocurrency groups, leading to the rejection of H1. Outcomes related to H2 present a nuanced scenario. Specifically, Litecoin and Ripple exhibit supportive evidence for the Adaptive Market Hypothesis, suggesting an improvement in the efficiency of the cryptocurrency market in recent years. A noteworthy revelation pertains to the anomaly observed in Bitcoin. Despite being the most capitalized and liquid cryptocurrency, it demonstrates inefficiency akin to levels observed five years ago. The implications of this study contribute to the comprehension of cryptocurrency market efficiency. The findings challenge the assumptions of the Efficient Market Hypothesis, favoring instead the Adaptive Market Hypothesis. For practitioners, the results hold significance, providing evidence of price predictability, particularly in the case of Bitcoin. This suggests that trend trading strategies remain viable for generating abnormal profits in the cryptocurrency market.

Acknowledgments
Alex Plastun gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (0121U100473).