Sustainable business development of private hospitals in Vietnam: Determinants of patient satisfaction, patient loyalty and revisit intention
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(4).2021.06
-
Article InfoVolume 19 2021, Issue #4, pp. 63-76
- Cited by
- 922 Views
-
318 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
The role of private hospitals is increasingly important in Vietnam. The study aims to determine associations between service quality and hospital brand image with satisfaction and patient loyalty, revisit intention at private hospitals in Vietnam. Quantitative cross-sectional data were collected from 268 patients in DaNang city, Vietnam. Scales to measure hospital service quality, hospital brand image, patient satisfaction, loyalty, and patient revisit intention were developed. The methods used to test the hypotheses of the study include exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM). One notable finding in this study provides practical evidence on the relationship of hospital service quality and hospital brand image with patient satisfaction and loyalty. In addition, service quality has a direct influence on patient satisfaction and revisit intention as the indicator of patient loyalty. Meanwhile, hospital brand image has a direct influence on patient loyalty, although it did not influence patient satisfaction. Results of this study help providing the basis for the marketing and customer care programs of private hospitals in DaNang city, Vietnam.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)M10, M31, Q01, I11
-
References47
-
Tables5
-
Figures3
-
- Figure 1. Conceptual model
- Figure 2. Standardized CFA results
- Figure 3. Standardized SEM model outcomes
-
- Table 1. Questionnaire items
- Table 2. Demography of respondents
- Table 3. Rotated component matrix and Cronbach’s alpha testing
- Table 4. Result of composite reliability and average variance extracted testing
- Table 5. Hypotheses testing
-
- Al-Damen, R. (2017). Health care service quality and its impact on patient satisfaction (case of Al-Bashir Hospital). International Journal of Business and Management, 12(9), 136-152.
- Alhashem, A. M., Alquraini, H., & Chowdhury, R. I. (2011). Factors influencing patient satisfaction in primary healthcare clinics in Kuwait. International Journal of Health Care Quality Assurance, 24(3), 249-262.
- Aliman, N. K., & Mohamad, W. N. (2016). Linking Service Quality, Patients’ Satisfaction and Behavioral Intentions: An Investigation on Private Healthcare in Malaysia. Procedia – Social and Behavioral Sciences, 224, 141-148.
- Ariffin, A. A. M., & Aziz, N. A. (2008). Determining the service quality dimensions and zone of tolerance for hospital services in Malaysia. The business review, Cambridge, 10(2), 164-169.
- Badri, M. A., Attia, S., & Ustadi, A. M. (2009). Healthcare quality and moderators of patient satisfaction: testing for causality. International Journal Health Care Quality Assurance, 22(4), 382-410.
- Bendall-Lyon, D., & Powers, T. L. (2004). The impact of structure and process attributes on satisfaction and behavioral intentions. Journal of Services Marketing, 18(2), 114-121.
- Bentum-Micah, G., Ma, Z., Wang, W., Atuahene, S. A., & Bondzie-Micah, V. (2020). Perceived Service Quality, a Key to Improved Patient Satisfaction and Loyalty in Healthcare Delivery: The Servqual Dimension Approach. Journal of Health Medical Sciences, 3(2).
- Bitner, M. J. J. B. S., Gummesson, E., Edvardsson, B., & Gustavsson, B. (1991). Service Quality: A Multidisciplinary and Multinational Perspective. New York, NY.
- Boshoff, C., & Gray, B. (2004). The Relationship Between Service Quality, Customer Satisfaction and Buying Intentions in the Private Hospital Industry. South African Journal of Business Management, 35(4), 27-37.
- Boulding, W., Kalra, A., Staelin, R., & Zeithaml, V. A. (1993). A Dynamic Process Model of Service Quality: From Expectations to Behavioral Intentions. Journal of Marketing Research, 30(1), 7-27.
- Coutinho, E. D., Vieira, P. R. d. C., Mattoso, C. L. d. Q., Troccoli, I. R., & Renni, M. J. P. (2019). Influence of service quality and corporate image on the satisfaction of patients with Brazil’s National Cancer Institute. International Journal of Pharmaceutical and Healthcare Marketing, 13(4), 447-468.
- Cronin, J. J., Brady, M. K., & Hult, G. T. M. (2000). Assessing the effects of quality, value, and customer satisfaction on consumer behavioral intentions in service environments. Journal of retailing, 76(2), 193-218.
- Da Silva, R. V., & Syed Alwi, S. F. (2008). Online corporate brand image, satisfaction and loyalty. Journal of Brand Management, 16(3), 119-144.
- Davies, G., & Chun, R. (2002). Gaps Between the Internal and External Perceptions of the Corporate Brand. Corporate Reputation Review, 5, 144-158.
- Evanschitzky, H., Ramaseshan, B., Woisetschläger, D. M., Richelsen, V., Blut, M., & Backhaus, C. (2012). Consequences of customer loyalty to the loyalty program and to the company. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 40(5), 625-638.
- Hair, J. F., Black, W. C., Babin, B. J., Anderson, R. E., & Tatham, R. L. (2006). Multivariate data analysis (6th ed.). New Jersey: Prentice Hall.
- Hekkert, K. D., Cihangir, S., Kleefstra, S. M., van den Berg, B., & Kool, R. B. (2009). Patient satisfaction revisited: a multilevel approach. Social Science and Medicine, 69(1), 68-75.
- Hoq, M. Z., Amin, M., & Sultana, N. S. (2012). The Effect of Trust, Customer Satisfaction and Image on Customers’ Loyalty in Islamic Banking Sector. South Asian Journal of Management.
- Juhana, D., Manik, E., Febrinella, C., & Sidharta, I. (2015). Empirical study on patient satisfaction and patient loyalty on public hospital in Bandung, Indonesia. International Journal of Applied Business and Economic Research, 13(6), 4305-4326.
- Kim, K. H., Kim, K., Kim, D., Kim, J., & Kang, S. (2008a). Brand equity in hospital marketing. Journal of Business Research, 61(1), 75-82.
- Kim, Y.-K., Cho, C.-H., Ahn, S.-K., Goh, I.-H., & Kim, H.-J. (2008b). A study on medical services quality and its influence upon value of care and patient satisfaction – Focusing upon outpatients in a large-sized hospital. Total Quality Management & Business Excellence, 19(11), 1155-1171.
- Liu, C.-H., & Tsai, W.-S. (2010). The effects of service quality and lifestyle on consumer choice of channel types: The health food industry as an example. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6), 1023-1039.
- Liu, S., Li, G., Liu, N., & Hongwei, W. (2021). The Impact of Patient Satisfaction on Patient Loyalty with the Mediating Effect of Patient Trust. INQUIRY: The Journal of Health Care Organization, Provision, and Financing.
- London, J. D. (2013). The promises and perils of hospital autonomy: reform by decree in Vietnam. Social science & medicine, 96, 232-240.
- Lytle, R. S., & Mokwa, M. P. (1992). Evaluating health care quality: the moderating role of outcomes. Journal of Health Care Marketing, 12(1), 4-14.
- Mei-Liang, C., & Kuang-Jung, C. (2013). The relations of organizational characteristics, customer-oriented behavior and service quality. Global Journal of Business Management, 7(10), 001-016.
- Mortazavi, S., Kazemi1, L., Shirazi, A., & Aziz-Abadi, A. (2009). The relationships between patient satisfaction and loyalty in the private hospital industry. Iranian Journal Public Health, 38(3), 60-69.
- Nguyen, C. N., & Nguyen, T. T. M. (2014). Service Quality and Its Impact on Patient Satisfaction: An Investigation in Vietnamese Public Hospitals. Journal of Emerging Economies and Islamic Research, 2(1), 66-78.
- Nguyen, M. P., & Wilson, A. (2017). How Could Private Healthcare Better Contribute to Healthcare Coverage in Vietnam? International Journal of Health Policy and Management, 6(6), 305-308.
- Oliver, R. L. (1999). Whence Consumer Loyalty? Journal of Marketing, 63, 33-44.
- Parasuraman, A. P., Zeithaml, V., & Berry, L. (1988). SERVQUAL: A multiple- Item Scale for measuring consumer perceptions of service quality. Journal of retailing, 64(1), 12-40.
- Peterson, R. A. (1994). A meta-analysis of Cronbach’s coefficient alpha. Journal of consumer research, 21(2), 381-391.
- Roberts, P. W., & Dowling, G. R. (2002). Corporate reputation and sustained superior financial performance. Strategic Management Journal, 23(12), 1077-1093.
- Schumacker, R. E., & Lomax, R. G. (2004). A beginner’s guide to structural equation modeling. New York: Psychology press.
- Sheth, J. N., & Park, C. W. (1974). A theory of multidimensional brand loyalty. In S. Ward, P. Wright & A. Abor (Eds.), NA – Advances in Consumer Research, 01 (pp. 449-459). MI: Association for Consumer Research.
- Spire Research & Consulting Pte Ltd. (2020). Healthcare Industry of Vietnam (White paper report).
- Tran, T., Dung, V., & Neu, I. (2005). Comparative quality of private and public health services in rural Vietnam. Health Policy and Planning, 20(5), 319-327.
- Vietman Ministry of Health. (2019). Report: Summary of Health Performance in 2019 and key tasks and solutions in 2020. Hanoi: Vietnam Ministry of Health.
- Ware, J. E., Jr., Davies-Avery, A., & Stewart, A. L. (1978). The measurement and meaning of patient satisfaction. Health & medical care services review, 1(1), 3-15.
- Wu, C.-C. (2011). The impact of hospital brand image on service quality, patient satisfaction and loyalty. African Journal of Business Management, 5(12), 4873-4882.
- Wu, H.-L., Liu, C.-Y., & Hsu, W.-H. (2008). An integrative model of customers’ perceptions of health care services in Taiwan. The Service Industries Journal, 28(9), 1307-1319.
- Yagci, M. I., Biswas, A., & Dutta, S. (2009). Effects of comparative advertising format on consumer responses: The moderating effects of brand image and attribute relevance. Journal of Business Research, 62(8), 768-774.
- Yesilada, F., & Direktör, E. (2010). Health care service quality: A comparison of public and private hospitals. African Journal of Business Management, 4(6), 962-971.
- Zaim, H., Bayyurt, N., & Zaim, S. (2010). Service Quality And Determinants Of Customer Satisfaction In Hospitals: Turkish Experience. The International Business and Economics Research Journal, 9(5), 51-58.
- Zarei, A., Arab, M., Froushani, A. R., Rashidian, A., & Ghazi Tabatabaei, S. M. (2012). Service quality of private hospitals: The Iranian Patients’ perspective. BMC Health Services Research, 12(1), 31.
- Zarei, E., Daneshkohan, A., Pouragha, B., Marzban, S., & Arab, M. (2015). An empirical study of the impact of service quality on patient satisfaction in private hospitals, Iran. Global Journal of Health Science, 7(1), 1-9.
- Zeithaml, V. (1988). Consumer Perceptions of Price, Quality, and Value: A Means-End Model and Synthesis of Evidence. The Journal of Marketing, 52(3), 2-22.