Issue #4 (Volume 24 2026)

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
This study examines the relationships among green innovation, digital transformation, and export performance in Vietnamese exporting firms, with particular attention to the moderating role of digital transformation. Data were collected through a structured survey conducted between April and December 2025. The final sample comprised 292 valid firm-level responses, with one respondent representing each exporting firm. Respondents were managers, executives, or functional staff directly involved in export operations, production, logistics, or strategic decision-making. Ordinary least squares regression with an interaction term was employed to test the proposed relationships. When digital transformation was at its sample mean, green innovation was positively and significantly associated with export performance (B = 0.169, p < 0.001). Correspondingly, when green innovation was at its sample mean, digital transformation was positively and significantly associated with export performance (B = 0.235, p < 0.001). The interaction between green innovation and digital transformation was positive and statistically significant (B = 0.587, p < 0.001), indicating that the association between green innovation and export performance became more positive as digital transformation increased. Conditional-slope analysis revealed a crossover interaction: the relationship was negative at a selected lower level of digital transformation, positive at its sample mean, and substantially stronger at a selected higher level. The model explained 44.6% of the variance in export performance. These findings highlight the complementarity of green and digital capabilities and suggest that digital transformation is an important enabling condition for translating green innovation into stronger export-related outcomes in an emerging economy.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
Sharia banking institutions in Indonesia have significant growth potential, given that the majority of the population is Muslim. This study aims to analyze the association between organizational culture, innovation, and digital transformation within the context of resource-based strategic management in Sharia banks of East Java. Data were collected from state-owned (6 main and 90 branch offices) and private (3 main and 66 branch offices) Sharia banks in East Java during January and February 2026, after these Sharia banks completed their annual financial reports. A total of 165 respondents were selected using a purposive sampling method. The selected respondents were secretaries with at least three years of work experience. Data were analyzed using structural equation modeling partial least squares (SEM-PLS). The analysis results show that organizational culture has a positive and significant relationship with resource-based strategic management (path coefficient = 0.450; t = 8.640; p < 0.001). Innovation also has a positive and significant relationship with resource-based strategic management (path coefficient = 0.305; t = 5.742; p < 0.001). Similarly, digital transformation has a positive and significant relationship with resource-based strategic management (path coefficient = 0.349; t = 6.183; p < 0.001). These findings indicate that organizational culture, innovation, and digital transformation are positively related to resource-based strategic management in Sharia banks of East Java.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
This study systematically reviews methodological approaches in tourism crisis management research, examining 374 peer-reviewed articles indexed in Scopus and published between 2007 and 2025. Following PRISMA guidelines, 411 records were identified through a structured Scopus search, and 37 were excluded during screening (15 not substantively addressing crisis management in tourism and 22 falling outside the 2007–2025 window), yielding a final sample of 374 articles. Each article was classified along two dimensions: crisis type (COVID-19/health, war/political/terrorism, natural disaster, financial/economic, or general) and research methodology (paradigm, specific methods, analytical techniques). Classification drew on titles, abstracts, and author keywords rather than full texts; findings should be interpreted accordingly. Because the search string required at least one methodology-related term, the corpus represents the methodology-signaling segment of the literature, and reported shares should be read within that scope. The findings reveal a corpus dominated by qualitative research (56.4% of articles), led by interviews (34.2%) and surveys (21.7%). COVID-19 and health-related crises account for 57.2% of the corpus, confirming a strong post-2020 concentration. Experimental designs appear in 0.8% of articles and longitudinal designs in 2.7%. In comparison, mixed methods research remains at 5.9%, indicating persistent gaps in designs best suited to causal inference and to tracking crises over time. The study contributes a five-category crisis typology, an evidence-based diagnostic of methodological strengths and gaps, and a research agenda for methodological diversification. Practically, stronger and more diverse methodologies improve the evidence base for tourism organizations, destination authorities, and public administrators making decisions under uncertainty.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
As economies become increasingly interconnected through digitalization while facing growing sustainability challenges, understanding the drivers of export competitiveness has become an important policy and research concern. This issue is particularly relevant in ASEAN, where digital infrastructure and renewable energy transition have progressed unevenly across member states. Despite growing interest in these transformations, their implications for export performance remain insufficiently understood. This study examines the relationships among digital infrastructure, the renewable energy transition, and export performance across eight ASEAN economies from 2010 to 2021. Using World Bank World Development Indicators data, a balanced panel of 96 country-year observations is analyzed through a fixed-effects model. Internet penetration and renewable energy consumption are specified as the main explanatory variables, while manufacturing value added and foreign direct investment are included as control variables. The results indicate that internet penetration, manufacturing value added, and foreign direct investment are positively and significantly associated with export performance, whereas renewable energy consumption exhibits a significant negative relationship. The estimated model explains approximately 63.5% of the within-country variation in export performance. These findings suggest that digital infrastructure, industrial capability, and foreign investment can strengthen export competitiveness. At the same time, the short-run effects of the renewable energy transition may reflect structural adjustment costs during the transformation process. The study contributes new evidence from ASEAN and highlights the importance of combining digital development with industrial upgrading and supportive policy frameworks to enhance long-term export performance.

Acknowledgments
The authors would like to thank the editors and anonymous reviewers for their valuable comments and dedicated guidance throughout the review process.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
Healthcare reforms in transitional economies frequently prioritize administrative performance indicators; however, citizen evaluations often diverge significantly from these official metrics. To explore this discrepancy, this study investigates the extent to which reported healthcare improvements in Kazakhstan align with actual patient experiences, examining how geographic and socioeconomic factors shape the performance–perception gap. Utilizing a mixed-methods approach, the paper integrates documentary analysis of policy materials (2019–2024), regional health statistics (2019–2023), and a nationwide stratified survey (n = 1,940) conducted across all 20 regions of Kazakhstan in 2024.
Results demonstrate a persistent, statistically significant divergence between official gains, such as increased life expectancy and infrastructure modernization, and public sentiment. Specifically, only 28.35% of respondents report high service quality (7.73% very high + 20.62% high), and just 28.7% express satisfaction levels above the neutral midpoint. Regression and ANOVA analyses confirm that disparities in access and affordability are systematically patterned by age, income, and urban-rural residence (p < 0.05). This gap is most pronounced in resource-constrained regions, where administrative progress in financing and digitalization has not translated into improved patient experiences. Further analysis identifies waiting times, transparency deficits, and perceived inequity as the primary drivers of this divergence. Based on these findings, the study concludes that existing evaluative methods are inadequate, suggesting that integrating standardized administrative metrics with regionally disaggregated citizen feedback is essential to align governance interventions with public expectations for the 2026 healthcare development horizon.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
Proactive work behavior is crucial for innovation and the quality of higher education; however, studies on social contextual factors remain limited. This study aims to examine the role of psychological empowerment as a mechanism linking contextual factors, such as coworker support and initiative-oriented team climate, to proactive work behavior among faculty members. Using a cross-sectional online survey, primary data were collected from May to July 2025 among 203 active faculty members at various universities in Indonesia (M = 40.42; 75.4% female) and analyzed using structural equation modeling (SEM) via path analysis in Mplus. The initial saturated model indicated that coworker support (β = 0.072; p = 0.406) and initiative team climate (β = 0.060; p = 0.446) did not have a significant direct effect on proactive work behavior. The final parsimonious model (χ²/df = 1.254; p = 0.286; RMSEA = 0.035; CFI = 0.993; TLI = 0.982; SRMR = 0.042) indicates that psychological empowerment directly influences proactive work behavior (β = 0.498; p < 0.001). Moreover, psychological empowerment was found to be an “indirect-only” statistical mediator of the effect of coworker support (β = 0.113; p = 0.009) and initiative team climate (β = 0.091; p = 0.028) on proactive work behavior, with total variances (R-squared) of 13.1% and 24.8%, respectively. Ultimately, higher education institutions must design systems of coworker support and a collaborative team climate that foster psychological empowerment, as contextual resources will not lead to proactive actions unless faculty members feel psychologically empowered.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
The COVID-19 pandemic caused the most severe demand shock in the global hotel industry's recorded history, but its financial consequences were not equally distributed across firms. This study aims to examine whether hotel business model structure, specifically the degree of asset-light orientation, predicts the timing of financial recovery. The analysis uses a 15-year (2010–2024) Bloomberg panel of publicly listed hotel companies. Business model scores are measured from Bloomberg segment revenue filings wherever segmentation separately identifies fee, property, and zero-margin reimbursement revenue, and by the structured classification otherwise, with treatment anchored at pre-crisis (2019) values. Two-way fixed effects difference-in-differences estimates show that asset-light companies outperformed asset-heavy peers by 13.5 percentage points in EBITDA margins during the 2020–2021 crisis (p = 0.014). The event study shows this advantage is concentrated in the recovery year rather than the shock year: both groups collapsed comparably in 2020, asset-light margins recovered to near pre-crisis levels in 2021 while asset-heavy margins remained negative (+20.3 pp, p < 0.001), and the differential is no longer distinguishable from zero by 2022. The recovery premium is robust to region-by-year and pre-crisis-size controls and, separately, to restricting the treated group to segment-verified firms.

Acknowledgment
The author gratefully acknowledges financial support from the Department of Economics, University of Zadar, which covered the article processing charge for this publication.