Problems, obstacles and opportunities for the formation of a system of social and legal protection of platform workers in Ukraine: expert assessments
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DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/slrtp.11(2).2021.05
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Article InfoVolume 11 2021, Issue #2, pp. 49-64
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Digitalization of the economy, the formation of a new technological base of “Industry 4.0” lead to fundamental changes in the social and labor sphere. Labor relations and employment sphere gain qualitatively new format and content. There is an emergence and rapid spread of a new, platform-network system of social and labor relations (SLR), which is reproduced and operates on a fundamentally different basis than the traditional SLR system. Regulated, long-term, collective labor relations are being replaced by fundamentally new ones - one-time, individualized, short-term (“economy of tasks”). Traditional systems of collective bargaining and state regulation do not work in the conditions of formation of “platformized” social and labor relations, the possibility of social and legal protection of employees on digital work platforms is questioned, norms of labor law, demand of responsibility of the parties, mechanisms of the decision of labor disputes in the newest network-digital system of SLR are not defined. In this situation, the problems of social and legal protection of employees in the digital segment need to be addressed as soon as possible, given the fact that the number of platform employees in Ukraine is growing. The author’s research is based on the generalization of the results of the expert survey on the problems of formation of a new quality of working life in the conditions of digital transformations (September 2021). It is aimed at revealing the main problems, risks, obstacles in ensuring social and legal protection of platform workers, as well as to substantiate measures to overcome them through a comprehensive regulatory framework for the platform segment of employment in Ukraine. The expert survey revealed the main features of an effective system of legal and social protection of platform workers and the conditions of its comprehensive provision; opportunities for the formation of mechanisms for representing the collective interests of those employed on the platforms; identified key actors capable to protect their rights and interests; conditions for the exit of platform employment from the “shadow”; substantated the need to implement a national platform for social dialogue on a network-digital basis.
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JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)J280, J500, J530
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References27
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Tables0
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Figures8
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- Figure 1. Визначення експертами основних чинників, які найбільше перешкоджають правовій та соціальній захищеності платформних працівників, % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 2. Основні причини порушення трудових прав зайнятих на цифрових платформах за оцінками експертів, % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 3. Експертні оцінки потенційних суб’єктів – захисників прав та інтересів працюючих, зайнятих на цифрових платформах, в Інтернеті, % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 4. Відповіді експертів на питання: «Як Ви вважаєте, чи мають питання розвитку платформної зайнятості враховуватись при розробці нової Генеральної Угоди на 2022–2024 рр.?», % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 5. Відповіді експертів на питання: «Чи виникають умови для поширення тіньової та неформальної зайнятості в умовах цифровізації?», % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 6. Відповіді експертів на питання: «Якими, на Вашу думку, мають бути першочергові кроки щодо формалізації та виходу з «тіні» трудових відносин на платформах?, % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 7. Основні вимоги до системи правового та соціального захисту зайнятих на цифрових платформах за оцінками експертів, % до тих, хто відповів
- Figure 8. Ключові ознаки дієвої системи правового та соціального захисту зайнятих на цифрових платформах (відповідно до визначених експертами основних рис та вимог)
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