The role of innovation in business strategy as a competitive advantage: Evidence from Indonesian MSMEs

This study studies social entrepreneurial competencies, social values, and transformational leadership. They are a requirement during the COVID-19 pandemic. It arises to find out the effect of social entrepreneurship on social values and the influence of transformational leadership in memorizing the influence of social entrepreneurship on social values with a total of 200 respondents as social entrepreneurship leaders who have been announced in Indonesia. This study uses a quantitative method with a structural equation model (SEM) analysis tool in AMOS software. SEM analysis in this study uses the moderating SEM method with a mixed-methods approach. Data analysis has been carried out through data processing. The values obtained mean that higher social entrepreneurship will increase social value by 9.4%; if transformational leadership increases, a significance value of 0.85 is obtained. This value is greater than 0.05. It is proved that the role of social entrepreneurship fosters innovative abilities, proactive development, and the courage to take risks for the people in Indonesia and the impact of social values fosters social recognition, responsibility, and contribution to the economy with attitudes with potential transformational leadership behaviors as well as inspirational motivation, intellectual stimulation, and consideration of the community.

Acknowledgments
The author appreciates the contribution of all co-authors in preparing the data set.

Digital transition in the maritime industry creates new organizational models and affects the relationship between actors. New relationships require new business models (BMs). In addition, due to the paradigm of green shifts towards a zero-emission future of maritime shipping in 2050, stricter regulations require new solutions, and “business as usual” is not actual anymore. Thus, the study aims to investigate key drivers for creating new BMs and factors for their effective implementation by companies. The results of the study point to the main reasons for creating BMs. It was revealed that there are several external and internal prerequisites. Moreover, it was proved that considering the current tendency of the interfaces in relationships with different industries, it is important to talk about the development of BMs not only from a supply chain perspective. Moreover, it should be considered from the point of view of network value. Hence, the study highlights the need for a further investigation that aims to design new solutions, implement, test, and observe the effect of new BMs, considering collaborative ties between interested parties.

Acknowledgment
The study is supported by the grant from the Research Based Innovation “SFI Marine Operation in Virtual Environment (SFI-MOVE)” (Project no: 237929) in Norway.

The defense industry is vital to supporting a country’s defense, especially in the modern era. While many emerging and developing countries are capable of producing military goods and services domestically, they remain dependent on foreign inputs to varying degrees. Yet, several studies have examined factors that can affect the self-reliance of the defense industries in developing countries. Therefore, the present study aims to examine factors that can explain business performance variation of defense industries in developing countries. It investigates further the business model innovation mediation for the first two factors of business performance. Data have been collected from 70 defense industrial companies in Indonesia. The Partial Least Squares-Structural Equation Modeling method is used to analyze the impact of high-performance work systems, technological innovation, and business model innovation on the business performance of industrial companies. The results show a significant effect of implementing High-Performance Work Systems and Technological Innovation through Business Model Innovation on Business Performance (accounted for R2 = 0.67). The research findings are expected to encourage defense industries in developing countries to focus on implementing human resource practices and adopting new or improved technologies and research results at all levels of management following business model adjustments.