Science in times of crisis: How does the war affect the efficiency of Ukrainian scientists?
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.35
-
Article InfoVolume 21 2023, Issue #1, pp. 408-424
- Cited by
- 772 Views
-
253 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This study aims to assess how to prevent the loss of academic potential due to the full-scale war unleashed by Russia on the territory of Ukraine. The paper establishes the relationship between the location of Ukrainian researchers and their ability to engage in scientific activity and determines the factors that decrease scientific efficiency during the war. Moreover, it identifies the influence of the scientists’ place of residence on their scientific efficiency. The sample comprises 172 lecturers from Berdyansk State Pedagogical University, Ukraine. This university was chosen because it was located in the temporarily occupied territory at the beginning of the war and later was relocated to another city. 40.8% of respondents who left the temporarily occupied territory for the Ukraine-controlled territories noted a decrease in the effectiveness of their scientific activities. Furthermore, 33.8% could not think about science at all. The most challenging situation is for those who went abroad: 55.6% show decreased scientific activity, and 27.7% note its complete absence. The most significant reasons that prevent scientific activity are financial instability, lack of access to equipment, loss of relevance of previously started research, inability to concentrate on science, poor quality or lack of Internet, and adaptation to a new residence.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)I23, J24, H56, O15
-
References58
-
Tables3
-
Figures8
-
- Figure 1. Respondents’ characteristics
- Figure 2. Distribution of respondents by place of stay
- Figure 3. Normal P-P graph of standardized residuals
- Figure 4. Partial regression between the scientist’s place of stay of the scientist and other indicators evaluated
- Figure 5. Map of displaced universities in Ukraine
- Figure 6. Standardized coefficients
- Figure 7. Subjective perception of scientific efficiency of lecturers depending on the place of stay
- Figure 8. Subjective assessment of scientific activity by university lecturers
-
- Table 1. Multicollinearity check of the research model
- Table 2. Correlation dependence between the estimated indicators of scientific efficiency and the place of stay
- Table 3. Factors that influence scientific activity
-
- Aydin, B., Dorofeyeva, U., Strelko, G., Ulanova, V., Hudkova, D., Maliuta, O., Pischana, T., Korobko, M., Lyzohub, O., Kotliarova, E., Simiian, P., Kozyra, O., & Mazur, P. (2022). A war in Europe?: Ukrainian scientists’ struggle for life and future, relocation and securing of frozen biomaterials. Human Reproduction, 37(suppl_1).
- Blind, K., Filipović, E., & Lazina, L. K. (2022). Motives to publish, to patent and to standardize: An explorative study based on individual engineers’ assessments. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 175, 121420.
- Blind, K., Pohlisch, J., & Zi, A. (2018). Publishing, patenting, and standardization: Motives and barriers of scientists. Research Policy, 47(7), 1185-1197.
- Bogic, M., Njoku, A., & Priebe, S. (2015). Long-term mental health of war-refugees: A systematic literature review. BMC International Health and Human Rights, 15(1), 29.
- Boglaienko, D. (2022). As a Ukrainian working abroad, the war made me rethink my definition of ‘home’. Science, 377(6612).
- Borho, A., Viazminsky, A., Morawa, E., Schmitt, G. M., Georgiadou, E., & Erim, Y. (2020). The prevalence and risk factors for mental distress among Syrian refugees in Germany: A register-based follow-up study. BMC Psychiatry, 20, 362.
- Bosse, G. (2022). Values, rights, and changing interests: The EU’s response to the war against Ukraine and the responsibility to protect Europeans. Contemporary Security Policy, 43(3), 531-546.
- Cardozo, B. L., Bilukha, O. O., Crawford, C. A. G., Shaikh, I., Wolfe, M. I., Gerber, M. L., & Anderson, M. (2004). Mental health, social functioning, and disability in postwar Afghanistan. Jama, 292(5), 575-584.
- Chatterjee, S., & Simonoff, J. S. (2013). Handbook of regression analysis. New York: Wiley.
- Dallmann, A. A. (2021). Reflecting on 50 years: The University Without Walls and integrative interdisciplinary learning. Journal of Adult and Continuing Education, 27(2), 341-359.
- Danylyshyn, B., & Bohdan, I. (2022). Monetary policy during the wartime: How to ensure macroeconomic stability. Investment Management and Financial Innovations, 19(2), 344-359.
- Draper, N. R., & Smith, H. (2012). Applied regression analysis. New York: Wiley.
- Edwards, M. A., & Roy, S. (2017). Academic research in the 21st century: Maintaining scientific integrity in a climate of perverse incentives and hypercompetition. Environmental Engineering Science, 34(1), 51-61.
- Fiialka, S. (2022). Assessment of war effects on the publishing activity and scientific interests of Ukrainian scholars. Knowledge and Performance Management, 6(1), 27-37.
- Foris, T., Tecău, A. S., Dragomir, C.-C., & Foris, D. (2022). The start-up manager in times of crisis: Challenges and solutions for increasing the resilience of companies and sustainable reconstruction. Sustainability, 14(15), 9140.
- Gaind, N., & Else, H. (2022). Global research community condemns Russian invasion of Ukraine. Nature, 603(7900), 209-210.
- Garry, S., & Checchi, F. (2020). Armed conflict and public health: into the 21st century. Journal of Public Health, 42(3), e287-e298.
- Ghosh, N., Mohit, A., & Murthy, R. S. (2004). Mental health promotion in post-conflict countries. The Journal of the Royal Society for the Promotion of Health, 124(6), 268-270.
- Goldschmid, M. L. (1976). Teaching and learning in higher education: Recent trends. Higher Education, 5, 437-456.
- Götz, E., & Staun, J. (2022). Why Russia attacked Ukraine: Strategic culture and radicalized narratives. Contemporary Security Policy, 43(3), 482-497.
- Grundy, J., Biggs, B. A., Annear, P., & Mihrshahi, S. (2008). A conceptual framework for public health analysis of war and defence policy. International Journal of Peace Studies, 13(2), 87-99.
- Guha-Sapir, D., & van Panhuis, W. G. (2002). Armed conflict and public health: A report on knowledge and knowledge gaps (Report commissionned by the Rockfeller Foundation, New York, USA). Brussels: CRED.
- Hall, D. T. (2004). The protean career: A quarter-century journey. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 65(1), 1-13.
- Hanson, E., & Vogel, G. (2012). The impact of war on civilians. In L. L. Levers (Ed.), Trauma counseling: Theories and interventions (pp. 412-433). Springer.
- Harashchenko, N., Hladchenko, L., Korytnikova, N., Lutsenko, A., Moskotina, R., & Pravdyva, O. (2022). Ukrainian Researchers in Times of War. Results of survey. UAScience. Reload.
- Kozmenko, S., & Ostapenko, L. (2022). The war year 2022 is a year of trials for the journal and the publishing house. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(4), 653-656.
- Kulyk, V. (2016). National identity in Ukraine: Impact of Euromaidan and the war. Europe-Asia Studies, 68(4), 588-608.
- Kurapov, A., Pavlenko, V., Drozdov, A., Bezliudna, V., Reznik, A., & Isralowitz, R. (2023). Toward an understanding of the Russian-Ukrainian war impact on university students and personnel. Journal of Loss and Trauma, 28(2), 167-174.
- Lavrysh, Y., Lytovchenko, I., Lukianenko, V., & Golub, T. (2022). Teaching during the wartime: Experience from Ukraine. Educational Philosophy and Theory.
- Lopushniak, H., Mylyanyk, R., Lopushniak, V., Shandar, A., & Leontenko, O. (2022). Managerial competencies in the training of specialists in public and corporate management in Ukraine. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(4), 88-110.
- Lutsenko, A., Harashchenko, N., Hladchenko, L., Korytnikova, N., Moskotina, R., & Pravdyva, O. (2023). The results of the survey on the needs of Ukrainian scientists (First wave report) (Research Paper No. 23-03). Max Planck Institute for Innovation & Competition.
- Maryl, M., Ivashchenko, O. V., Reinfelds, M., Reinsone, S., & Rose, M. E. (2022). Addressing the needs of Ukrainian scholars at risk. Nature Human Behavior, 6, 746-747.
- McNutt, M., & Hildebrand, J. (2022). Scientists in the line of fire. Science, 375(6585).
- Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (MON). (n.d.). Fakhova peredvyshcha, vyshcha osvita [Professional education, higher education]. (In Ukrainian).
- Moroz, Y. (2022). Here in Ukraine, science continues under air raids. Nature, 605(7911), 590-590.
- Morrice, L. (2022). Will the war in Ukraine be a pivotal moment for refugee education in Europe? International Journal of Lifelong Education, 41(3), 251-256.
- Murthy, R. S., & Lakshminarayana, R. (2006). Mental health consequences of war: A brief review of research findings. World Psychiatry, 5(1), 25-30.
- Neame, R., Murphy, B., Stitt, F., & Rake, M. (1999). Universities without walls: Evolving paradigms in medical education. BMJ, 319(7220), 1296.
- O’Brien, R. M. (2007). A caution regarding rules of thumb for variance inflation factors. Quality & Quantity, 41, 673-690.
- Ostapenko, L. (2022). Scholarly publishing in Ukraine since February 24, 2022. Septentrio Conference Series, (1).
- Pavlova, I., Graf-Vlachy, L., Petrytsa, P., Wang, S., & Zhang, S. (2022). Early evidence on the mental health of Ukrainian civilian and professional combatants during the Russian invasion. European Psychiatry, 65(1), E79.
- Petrić, H. N., Gaind, N., & Van Noorden, R. (2022). Nature’s take: How the war in Ukraine is impacting science. Nature.
- Polishchuk, Y., Moskvina, V., Degtryarova, I., Galat, M., & Makaruk L. (2022). Assessing the needs of Ukrainian scholars in danger circumstances (Report). Kyiv: The Young Scientists Council at the Ministry of Education and Science in Ukraine.
- Poskett, J., & Shaw, C. (2022). Scientists in Ukraine have long fought for scientific freedom. Nature, 609(7926), 243-244.
- Roach, M., & Sauermann, H. (2010). A taste for science? PhD scientists’ academic orientation and self-selection into research careers in industry. Research Policy, 39(3), 422-434.
- Sasse, G., & Lackner, A. (2018). War and identity: The case of the Donbas in Ukraine. Post-Soviet Affairs, 34(2-3), 139-157.
- Sheather, J. (2022). As Russian troops cross into Ukraine, we need to remind ourselves of the impact of war on health. BMJ, 376, o499.
- Stoddart, P., Foster, M., & Koppi, T. (2006). Universities without walls – Authentic learning experiences via wireless video and data networks. 7th International Conference on Information Technology Based Higher Education and Training. Ultimo, Australia.
- Stoika, R., Gudimchuk, N., Shcherbata, H. R., Zaraisky, A., Shcheglovitov, O., Kozorovitskiy, Y., & Korolchuk, V. (2022). The voices of Ukrainian and Russian scientists. Cell, 185(8), 1283-1286.
- Stone, R. (2022a). After invasion, Ukrainian researchers turn into resistance fighters and refugees. Science, 375(6584).
- Stone, R. (2022b). Aid keeps researchers afloat in war-torn Ukraine. Science, 376(6591).
- Stone, R. (2022c). Ukrainian researchers flee war trauma and terror. Science, 375(6586).
- Suchikova, Y. (2023). A year of war. Science, 379(6634).
- Suchikova, Y., & Tsybuliak, N. (2023). Universities without walls: global trend v. Ukraine’s reality. Nature, 614.
- Tee, P. K., Cham, T.-H., Low, M. P., & Lau, T.-C. (2022). The role of perceived employability in the relationship between protean career attitude and career success. Australian Journal of Career Development, 31(1), 66-76.
- Thode, H. (2002). Testing for normality (1st ed.). CRC Press.
- Zacher, H., Rudolph, C. W., Todorovic, T., & Ammann, D. (2019). Academic career development: A review and research agenda. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 110 (Part B), 357-373.
- Zayachkivska, O., Smiechowska, T., & Souchelnytskyi, S. (2022). The war and science in Ukraine: We can contribute to victory. Proceedings of the Shevchenko Scientific Society. Medical Sciences, 66(1).