Interest in universities based on search queries on the Internet

The modern concept of open innovation highlights the role of technology transfer from universities to the business environment. An increase in technology transfer efficiency is one of the tasks assigned to Ukrainian universities by the state. The nature of technology transfers in the world and the role of universities in this process call for revising traditional approaches to its production in Ukraine. This stipulated the substantiation of theoretical and methodological principles of technology transfer from universities to the business environment, which should serve as a fundamental platform for further economic, technological and other actions in the innovation development of Ukraine. For this purpose, the modern theoretical and applied components of technology transfer from universities to the business environment are researched; the theoretical and methodological principles of technology transfer are determined and the conceptual approach to understanding technology transfer from universities to the business environment is proved. To achieve the tasks at hand, the background and trends in technology transfer from universities to the business environment have been researched; the role of universities in modern technology transfers is analyzed; the peculiarities and potential of the scientific area of Ukraine are considered; the influence of university technology transfer centers on the universities’ academic entrepreneurship has been studied; the nature of knowledge transformation during the technology transfer is substantiated; the influence of technology transfer on the university subsystems is considered; the effects of technology transfer are investigated; models of interaction in the system “University – Governmental Authority – Business” are studied; and modern approaches to the technology transfer from universities to the business environment are researched. Given the research conducted, theoretical and methodological principles for technology transfer were formed, which conceptualize the technology transfer from universities to the business environment.

Despite the rapid growth rate, the scientific base and theoretical development of Internet marketing in Ukraine requires scientific justification and additional research. This paper highlights the problems associated with the unclear position among scientists and experts in defining the concept of “Internet marketing” because the concept is quite new and practically unexplored, consists of two words, each of which has its meaningful content.
The paper aims, based on the analysis of conceptual theoretical approaches of scientists and marketers, to formulate the conceptual definition of “Internet marketing,” considering modern features of Internet marketing activity.
The research considers the basic theoretical and practical definitions of “Internet marketing” in accordance with the conceptual and categorical approaches. According to the supporters of the descriptive approach, the definition of Internet marketing characterizes, as part of e-commerce, the set of Internet marketing tools, while ignoring the relationship with traditional marketing. Supporters of the conservative approach consider Internet marketing as an integral part of traditional marketing and do not pay due attention to the technical capabilities and limitations of the Internet.
To form a comprehensive definition of Internet marketing, which would take into account all aspects of Internet marketing, this paper considers the Internet marketing features, according to the “6I” Internet marketing model of McDonald and Wilson, supplemented by characteristics of the modern conditions of the Ukrainian Internet market, like reactivity, dynamic pricing, innovation, complexity of implementation, and others.

There is no consensus in theoretical and empirical studies about the relationship between bank competition and stability. This research aims to investigate the relationship between bank competition and stability in the UK. The analysis has been done on a large sample of UK banks for the period 2004–2014. There is quite contrasting evidence on the bank competition and bank soundness relationship. A unified framework has been developed to assess how different factors may make it more likely that the data favor one theory over another. The results suggest that in some cases a U-shaped relationship exists between bank competition and stability. Therefore the conclusion is that in order to protect the bank from different risk exposures a moderate level of bank competition is needed.