Role of proactive behavior in entrepreneurial alertness: A mediating role of dynamic capabilities
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.20(4).2022.10
-
Article InfoVolume 20 2022, Issue #4, pp. 127-137
- Cited by
- 519 Views
-
103 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
The role of entrepreneurial alertness has been increasing to cope with the current fiercely competitive market. Entrepreneurial alertness enables companies to benefit from unseized opportunities and gain a competitive advantage. Therefore, the study explores the role of proactive behavior in enhancing the entrepreneurial alertness of organizations through the mediating role of dynamic capabilities. The study focuses on the Iraqi telecommunication market because of the intense competition between three major telecom companies. Data were collected through a 5-point Likert-scale questionnaire distributed among employees of mobile telecommunications companies in Iraq. The sample aimed to cover different levels in the business hierarchy with a particular focus on the leading positions. Therefore, it included 299 members of boards of directors, branch managers, department heads, and chief supervisors (middle managers). Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to analyze the responses. Results revealed the positive effect of adopting proactive behavior (e.g., problem prevention, innovation, and holding responsibilities) on entrepreneurial alertness (e.g., scanning, searching for, and evaluating opportunities). The results also approved the mediating role of dynamic capabilities in enhancing the relationship between proactive behavior and entrepreneurial alertness. Therefore, Iraqi governmental telecommunication enterprises are recommended to benefit from the dynamic capabilities of employees (e.g., sensing, learning, integrating, and coordinating capabilities) to maximize the positive influence of proactive behavior on entrepreneurial alertness and, accordingly, improve the prediction of production risks and threats.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)D23, D24
-
References65
-
Tables4
-
Figures2
-
- Figure 1. Research model
- Figure 2. Structural model
-
- Table 1. Demographic profile of respondents
- Table 2. Confirmatory factor analysis and Cronbach’s alpha
- Table 3. Mean, standard deviations, and correlations between main variables
- Table 4. Path coefficients, SE, CR, and P-values
-
- Abbas, J., Raza, S., Nurunnabi, M., Minai, M. S., & Bano, S. (2019). The Impact Of Entrepreneurial Business Networks On Firms’ Performance Through A Mediating Role Of Dynamic Capabilities. Sustainability, 11(11), 3006.
- Agarwal, S., Krishna Erramilli, M., & Dev, C. S. (2003). Market orientation and performance in service firms: Role of innovation. Journal of Services Marketing, 17(1), 68-82.
- Albort-Morant, G., Leal-Rodríguez, A. L., Fernández-Rodríguez, V., & Ariza-Montes, A. (2018). Assessing the origins, evolution and prospects of the literature on dynamic capabilities: A bibliometric analysis. European Research on Management and Business Economics, 24(1), 42-52.
- Ambrosini, V., Bowman, C., & Collier, N. (2009). Dynamic capabilities: An exploration of how firms renew their resource base. British Journal of Management, 20(S1), S9-S24.
- Aminu, M. I. (2016). Building Dynamic Capabilities Through Entrepreneurial Orientation. International Journal Of Organizational & Business Execellence, 1(2), 1-14.
- Aminu, M. I., & Mahmood, R. (2015). Mediating role of dynamic capabilities on the relationship between intellectual capital and performance: A hierarchical component model perspective in PLS-SEM path modeling. Research Journal of Business Management, 9(3), 443-456.
- Armstrong, M. (2011). Armstrong’s Handbook of Strategic Human Resource Management (5th ed.). New Delhi, India: Replika Press Pvt Ltd.
- Bannay, D. F., Hadi, M. J., & Amanah, A. A. (2020). The impact of inclusive leadership behaviors on innovative workplace behavior with an emphasis on the mediating role of work engagement. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 18(3), 479-491.
- Baron, R. A. (2006). Opportunity Recognition as Pattern Recognition: How Entrepreneurs Connect the Dots’ to Identify New Business Opportunities. Academy of Management Perspectives, 20(1), 104-119.
- Barreto, I. (2010). Dynamic Capabilities: A review of past research and an agenda for the future. Journal of Management, 36(1), 256-280.
- Batistič, S., Černe, M., Kaše, R., & Zupic, I. (2016). The role of organizational context in fostering employee proactive behavior: The interplay between HR system configurations and relational climates. European Management Journal, 34(5), 579-588.
- Beck, J. A., Cha, J. M., Kim, S. H., & Knutson, B. (2014). Evaluating proactive behavior in lodging revenue management. International Journal of Contemporary Hospitality Management, 26(8), 1364-1379.
- Bilal, M., Chaudhry, S., Amber, H., Shahid, M., Aslam, S., & Shahzad, K. (2021). Entrepreneurial leadership and employees’ proactive behaviour: Fortifying self determination theory. Journal of Open Innovation: Technology, Market, and Complexity, 7(3), 176.
- Bingham, C. B., Heimeriks, K. H., Schijven, M., & Gates, S. (2014). Concurrent learning: how firms develop multiple dynamic capabilities in parallel. Strategic Management Journal, 36(12), 1802-1825.
- Bjorklund, T., Bhatli, D., & Laakso, M. (2013). Understanding idea advancement efforts in innovation through proactive behavior. Journal of Research in Marketing and Entrepreneurship, 15(2), 124-142.
- Bourmistrov, A., & Åmo, B. W. (2022). Creativity, proactivity, and foresight. Technological Forecasting and Social Change, 174, 121215.
- Chavoushi, Z. H., Zali, M. R., Valliere, D., Faghih, N., Hejazi, R., & Dehkordi, A. M. (2021). Entrepreneurial alertness: a systematic literature review. Journal of Small Business and Entrepreneurship, 33(2), 123-152.
- Crant, J. M. (2000). Proactive Behavior In Organizations. Journal of Management, 26(3), 435-462.
- Delač, S., Stanić, M., & Koprivnjak, T. (2018). Determinants of Entrepreneurial Alertness: The Effect of Demographic and Metacognitive Variables. Education For Entrepreneurship, 8(2), 27-38.
- Dess, G. G., Lumpkin, G. T., Eisner, A. B., & McNamara, G. (2014). Strategic Management: Text and Cases (7th ed.). New York: McGraw- Hill.
- Febriana, A., Wahyudi, S., & Suharnomo, S. (2019). Organizational awareness and participative organizational culture: The effect on proactive behavior and team performance. Quality - Access to Success, 20(170), 25-31.
- Garrett, R. P., & Covin, J. G. (2007). A model of corporate entrepreneurship as a strategic adaptation mechanism. In G. T. Lumpkin & J. A. (Eds.), Entrepreneurial Strategic Processes (Advances in Entrepreneurship, Firm Emergence and Growth, 10) (pp. 9-31). Emerald Group Publishing Limited.
- Gorgijevski, A., Holmström, L. C., & Lagerström, K. (2019). Does proactivity matter? The importance of initiative selling tactics for headquarters acceptance of subsidiary initiatives. Journal of International Management, 25(4), 100673.
- Helfat, C. E., & Martin, J. A. (2015). Dynamic Managerial Capabilities Review and Assessment of Managerial Impact on Strategic Change. Journal of Management, 41(5), 1281-1312.
- Helfat, C. E., Finkelstein, S., Mitchell, W., Peteraf, M. A., Singh, H., Teece, D. J., & Winter, S. G. (2007). Dynamic capabilities: Understanding strategic change in organizations (1st ed.). Malden, MA: Blackwell Publishing Ltd.
- Hu, R., & Ye, Y. (2017). Do entrepreneurial alertness and self-efficacy predict Chinese sports major students’ entrepreneurial intention? Social Behavior and Personality, 45(7), 1187-1196.
- Hu, R., Wang, L., Zhang, W., & Bin, P. (2018). Creativity, proactive personality, and entrepreneurial intention: The role of entrepreneurial alertness. Frontiers in Psychology, 9, 1-10.
- Kim, K. H., & Tsai, W. (2012). Social comparison among competing firms. Strategic Management Journal, 33(2), 115-136.
- Li, X., Wang, G., & Liu, X. (2019). How entrepreneurial orientation affects firm performance? examining the black box through MASEM. Proceedings of the European Conference on Innovation and Entrepreneurship, ECIE (pp. 589-598).
- Lindell, M. K., & Whitney, D. J. (2001). Accounting for common method variance in cross-sectional research designs. Journal of applied psychology, 86(1), 114-121.
- Ling, B., Liu, Z., Chen, D., & Sun, L. (2021). Team flexibility in organizational change context: Antecedents and consequences. Psychology Research and Behavior Management, 14, 1805-1821.
- Lu, H., & Wang, J. (2018). Entrepreneurial intention of two patterns of planned behaviour and alertness: Empirical evidence in China. Journal of Asian Finance, Economics and Business, 5(2), 63-72.
- Mikalef, P., Boura, M., Lekakos, G., & Krogstie, J. (2019). Big Data Analytics Capabilities and Innovation: The Mediating Role of Dynamic Capabilities and Moderating Effect of the Environment. British Journal of Management, 30(2), 272-298.
- Morgan, M. O., Emu, W., Amadi, C., Okon, E., & Njama, P. (2021). The mediating effect of job satisfaction on health and safety policy management and employee productivity in manufacturing firms. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 19(2), 104-117.
- Neneh, B. N. (2019). From entrepreneurial alertness to entrepreneurial behavior: The role of trait competitiveness and proactive personality. Personality and Individual Differences, 138, 273-279.
- Newman, A., Obschonka, M., Moeller, J., & Chandan, G. G. (2021). Entrepreneurial Passion: A Review, Synthesis, and Agenda for Future Research. Applied Psychology, 70(2), 816-860.
- Nieves, J., & Haller, S. (2014). Building Dynamic Capabilities Through Knowledge Resources. Tourism Management, 40, 224-232.
- Parker, S. K., & Collins, C. G. (2010). Taking stock: Integrating and differentiating multiple proactive behaviors. Journal of Management, 36(3), 633-662.
- Patel, P. C. (2019). Opportunity related absorptive capacity and entrepreneurial alertness. International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 15(1), 63-73.
- Pavlou, P. A., & El Sawy, O. A. (2011). Understanding the Elusive Black Box of Dynamic Capabilities. Decision Sciences, 42(1), 239-273.
- Pisano, G. P. (2017). Toward a prescriptive theory of dynamic capabilities: Connecting strategic choice, learning, and competition. Industrial and Corporate Change, 26(5), 747-762.
- Podsakoff, N. P., MacKenzie, S. B., Lee, J.-Y., & Podsakoff, N. P. (2003). Common method biases in behavioral research: A critical review of the literature and recommended remedies. Journal of Applied Psychology, 88(5), 879-903.
- Protogerou, A., Caloghirou, Y., & Lioukas, S. (2012). Dynamic capabilities and their indirect impact on firm performance. Industrial and Corporate Change, 21(3), 615-647.
- Rezazadeh, B., Karami, H., & Karami, A. (2016). Technology Orientation, Dynamic Capabilities and SMEs Performance. Strategic Management Quarterly, 4(1), 41-60.
- Rezvani, M., Lashgari, M., & Farsi, J. Y. (2018). Organizational Entrepreneurial Alertness. Academy of Entrepreneurship Journal, 24(2).
- Rothaermel, F. T. (2019). Strategic Management (4th ed.). New York: McGraw-Hill Education.
- Shin, Y., & Kim, M. J. (2015). Antecedents and Mediating Mechanisms of Proactive Behavior: Application of the Theory of Planned Behavior. Asia Pacific Journal of Management, 32(1), 289-310.
- Shipton, H., Budhwar, P., Sparrow, P., & Brown, A. (2016). Human Resource Management, Innovation and Performance (1st ed.). Palgrave Macmillan.
- Singh, D., Oberoi, J. S., & Ahuja, I. S. (2013). An empirical investigation of dynamic capabilities in managing strategic flexibility in manufacturing organizations. Management Decision, 51(7), 1442-1461.
- Soininen, J. S., Puumalainen, K., Sjögrén, H., Syrjä, P., & Durst, S. (2013). Entrepreneurial orientation in small firms – values-attitudes-behavior approach. International Journal of Entrepreneurial Behaviour and Research, 19(6), 611-632.
- Strauss, K., Lepoutre, J., & Wood, G. (2017). Fifty shades of green: How microfoundations of sustainability dynamic capabilities vary across organizational contexts. Journal of Organizational Behavior, 38(9), 1338-1355.
- Strauss, K., Parker, S. K., & O’Shea, D. (2017). When does proactivity have a cost? Motivation at work moderates the effects of proactive work behavior on employee job strain. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 100, 15-26.
- Tang, J., Kacmar, K. M. M., & Busenitz, L. (2012). Entrepreneurial alertness in the pursuit of new opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 27(1), 77-94.
- Teece, D. J. (2007). Explicating dynamic capabilities: The nature and micro foundations of (sustainable) enterprise performance. Strategic Management Journal, 28(13), 1319-1350.
- Torres, R., Sidorova, A., & Jones, M. C. (2018). Enabling firm performance through business intelligence and analytics: A dynamic capabilities perspective. Information & Management, 55(7), 822-839.
- Turner, T., & Gianiodis, P. (2018). Entrepreneurship Unleashed: Understanding Entrepreneurial Education outside of the Business School. Journal of Small Business Management, 56(1), 131-149.
- Uy, M. A., Chan, K. Y., Sam, Y. L., Ho, M. R., & Chernyshenko, O. S. (2015). Proactivity, adaptability and boundaryless career attitudes: The mediating role of entrepreneurial alertness. Journal of Vocational Behavior, 86, 115-123.
- Valliere, D. (2013). Towards a Schematic Theory of Entrepreneurial Alertness. Journal of Business Venturing, 28(3), 430-432.
- Wilden, R., Devinney, T. M., & Dowling, G. R. (2016). The Architecture of Dynamic Capability Research Identifying the Building Blocks of a Configurational Approach. Academy of Management Annals, 10(1), 997-1076.
- Wilden, R., Gudergan, S. P., Nielsen, B. B., & Lings, I. (2013). Dynamic Capabilities and Performance: Strategy, Structure and Environment. Long Range Planning, 46(1-2), 72-96.
- Wilden, R., Gudergan, S., & Lings, I. (2019). The interplay and growth implications of dynamic capabilities and market orientation. Industrial Marketing Management, 83, 21-30.
- Yan, X., Gu, D., Liang, C., Zhao, S., & Lu, W. (2018). Fostering sustainable entrepreneurs: Evidence from China college students’ “Internet Plus” innovation and entrepreneurship competition (CSIPC). Sustainability, 10(9), 3335.
- Yu, K. Y. T., & Davis, H. M. (2016). Autonomy’s impact on newcomer proactive behaviour and socialization: A needs-supplies fit perspective. Journal of Occupational and Organizational Psychology, 89(1), 172-197.
- Zehir, C., Can, E., & Karaboga, T. (2015). Linking Entrepreneurial Orientation To Firm Performance: The Role Of Differentiation Strategy And Innovation Performance. Procedia – Social And Behavioral Sciences, 210, 358-367.
- Zhou, S. S., Zhou, A. J., Feng, J., & Jiang, S. (2019). Dynamic capabilities and organizational performance: The mediating role of innovation. Journal of Management and Organization, 25(5), 731-747.