Reforming the education system to prevent labor migration

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The world economy is in an unprecedented situation, caused by the COVID-19 pandemic and the health care crisis. It’s currently difficult to predict all the consequences, but there are undoubtful changes in migration flows, unemployment and poverty increase, and their impact on national economies and globally. The paper aimed at analyzing the cases of educational reforms in different countries, revealing new trends in education and learning that may prevent labor migration or mitigate it. To support feasibility of the study, a bibliometric analysis was implemented on the basis of Scopus tools and VOSviewer software. In this paper, the content analysis of several cases in a sphere of educational reform was performed, namely educational systems of some EU countries and their former members (UK, France, Finland) as well as the most developed world economies (USA, China, and Japan). The distance learning is considered as fundamentally necessary in today’s conditions and a milestone of the global educational system development. The paper investigates the essence and distribution of mass online courses as a typical type of distance learning. The case of virtual exchange that was managed and organized by several institutions within the COIL initiative was also analyzed the alternative to traditional learning. The recommendations about the further development of educational systems were made, as well as suggestions about the competitiveness of national economies due to the migration process.

Acknowledgment and funding
This research was funded by a grant from the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine “Reforming the lifelong learning system in Ukraine for the prevention of the labor emigration: a coopetition model of institutional partnership” (No. 0120U102001).

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    • Figure 1. Dynamics of publications in the field, according to the search with different combinations of the keywords, “reforming” and “education”, “education” and “migration”, 1976–2020
    • Figure 2. The geographic origin of the papers in the field, according to the search with different combinations of the keywords, 1976–2020
    • Figure 3. The visualizing map of co-occurrence of the keywords in papers of a dataset (initial search query of the keywords “reforming” AND “education”)
    • Figure 4. The visualizing map of co-occurrence of the keywords in papers of a dataset (initial search query of the keywords “education” AND “migration”)
    • Figure 5. Dynamics of non-EU-born persons aged 25-54 (migrants), grouped by educational levels, EU, 2010–2019, %
    • Figure 6. Dynamics of the courses MOOC and students (attendees), 2014–2020
    • Figure 7. MOOC Distribution by the course, 2020
    • Conceptualization
      Hanna Shvindina, Dipra Jha
    • Data curation
      Hanna Shvindina, Dipra Jha
    • Funding acquisition
      Hanna Shvindina, Anna Vorontsova, Yuriy Petrushenko
    • Methodology
      Hanna Shvindina, Yuriy Petrushenko
    • Supervision
      Hanna Shvindina
    • Writing – review & editing
      Hanna Shvindina, Dipra Jha
    • Writing – original draft
      Hanna Shvindina, Stanislav Kotenko , Anna Vorontsova, Vita Gordienko, Yuriy Petrushenko
    • Project administration
      Hanna Shvindina
    • Formal Analysis
      Stanislav Kotenko , Vita Gordienko, Yuriy Petrushenko
    • Investigation
      Stanislav Kotenko , Anna Vorontsova, Vita Gordienko, Yuriy Petrushenko
    • Visualization
      Stanislav Kotenko , Anna Vorontsova
    • Software
      Anna Vorontsova
    • Validation
      Anna Vorontsova, Dipra Jha
    • Resources
      Vita Gordienko