Iryna Hubarieva

The attraction of deposits by the banks in Ukraine is the basis for the formation of their resource base, which is an essential component of the banking financial potential. A qualitative formation of the bank’s resource base is carried out through proper management of attracting deposits in terms of their selection and giving preferences to specific sources of resource allocation. That is why the determination of priorities in attracting resources by banks and the formation of appropriate tools is an important tactical task in ensuring the stability of the Ukrainian banking system. The problem of new approaches to the management of deposits was especially acute during the crisis and the reduction of confidence of the population of Ukraine in the banking system, which makes actual the topic of the article and determines the importance of solving the tasks set in it. The goal of the paper is to develop tools for determining priorities of the main sources of attracting deposits by banks taking into account the system of criteria as a prerequisite for optimizing deposit portfolios of banks and the basis for the formation of their financial potential. The article proposes a sequence of stages and the corresponding tools that ensure the determination of priorities of different sources for attracting deposit funds of banks taking into account the criteria of time, minimization of costs and risks, balanced state of terms and volumes, equilibrium of costs and risks, ensuring a qualitative formation and effective use of the financial potential of the bank, ensuring a certain level of development of the bank. The use of the proposed approach made it possible to obtain such estimates that reflect priorities according to the criteria of minimization and equilibrium of risks and costs, a balanced state of terms and volumes and ensuring a specified level of the bank’s development, making it possible to determine the priorities of the main sources of attraction of financial resources for five banks in Ukraine.

This study aims to track the EU’s shift from fuel dependence to sustainable mobility, assessing current impacts and future efforts for low- and zero-emission vehicles and renewable fuels to reduce crude hydrocarbon imports and greenhouse gas emissions. The paper uses methods of composite indices of fuel dependence and greenhouse gas emission intensity, decomposition analysis for crude hydrocarbon imports and greenhouse gas emissions, and the causal relationship between transport traffic and sustainable mobility objectives. Empirical results indicate that deploying sustainable mobility in the EU saved 10 million tons of crude oil imports and prevented 49 million tCO2eq emissions. Advancements in sustainable mobility were more effective in curbing greenhouse gas emissions (4.7%) than in reducing crude hydrocarbon imports (1.9%) from 2013 to 2022. Projections for the EU’s 2025 objectives indicate significant efforts needed to avoid an extra 61 million tCO2eq, including adding over 13 million zero-emission transport units and producing about 2 million tons of sustainable fuel. Both targets are currently at risk. The study highlights the latent potential in other hydrocarbons that can be transformed from non-fossil energy sources. Therefore, monitoring the impact of sustainable mobility is a crucial task in reducing fuel dependence and greenhouse gas emissions from transport. It enables informed decisions and strategy adaptations and ensures that environmental and economic targets are met both timely and effectively.

Acknowledgment
This article is funded by the National Research Foundation of Ukraine within the framework of Creation of the Production of Synthetic Liquid Fuel from Coal in Ukraine in the War and Post-War Periods project (registration number 2022.01/0061) implemented within Science for the Reconstruction of Ukraine in the War and Post-War Periods competition.