Sustainable initiatives in the food industry: Role of businesses and regulators
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.17(4).2021.08
-
Article InfoVolume 17 2021, Issue #4, pp. 88-102
- 566 Views
-
98 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
In response to global calls for environmental awareness, the Malaysian government enforced restrictions on plastic usage in the Malaysian foodservice industry in 2020. Despite the efforts of public awareness campaigns championing the detrimental effects of traditional plastic usage, the impact of measures taken by food traders remains inadequate. The paper seeks to explore the relationship between subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, attitude, and the intention to use biodegradable straws among food traders. Purposive sampling method, the Structural Equation Model (SEM), and Partial Least Squares (PLS) tools were employed. The sample included 270 respondents. The result found a significant correlation between the four variables, i.e., subjective norms, perceived behavioral control, attitude, and intention to use. Hence, results obtained indicate that conscientious consumers have a significant influence on businesses in their quest to reduce their overall impact on the surrounding environment. Consequently, their socially responsible decisions, i.e., initiatives of using biodegradable products, have advocated mindful consumerism and encouraged positive purchasing behaviors. The results predict increasing demands as an outcome of this accumulated synergy, and this in turn provides more opportunities for food traders and their associated counterparts. The contributions of this study extend toward both theoretical and practical knowledge: (a) better understanding of consumer attitude and how it influences purchase intention, and (b) government regulation and enforcement towards environmental awareness and activities associated with global contributions.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)M31, M38
-
References82
-
Tables6
-
Figures2
-
- Figure 1. Research framework
- Figure 2. Path coefficients
-
- Table 1. Measurement model
- Table 2. Convergent validity
- Table 3. Discriminant validity
- Table 4. Cross-loadings
- Table 5. Coefficient of determination (R2)
- Table 6. Hypothesis testing
-
- Adela, M., Mihaela, S., Elena-Adriana, T., & Monica, F. (2011). Evaluation of a program for developing socio-emotional competencies in preschool children. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 2161-2164.
- Aditami, S. (2016). The Analysis Of Halal Product Purchase Intention Using Theory Of Planned Behaviour (TPB): An Application On Bakery Product Consumption. Universitas Muhammadiyah Surakarta.
- Ajzen, I. (1985). From intentions to actions: A theory of planned behavior. In J. Kuhl & J. Beckmann (Eds.), Action control (pp. 11-39). Springer.
- Ajzen, I. (1991). The theory of planned behavior. Organizational behavior and human decision processes, 50(2), 179-211.
- Ajzen, I. (2002). Perceived behavioral control, self-efficacy, locus of control, and the theory of planned behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 32(4), 665-683.
- Ajzen, I., & Madden, T. J. (1986). Prediction of goal-directed behavior: Attitudes, intentions, and perceived behavioral control. Journal of experimental social psychology, 22(5), 453-474.
- Ajzen, I., & Manstead, A. S. (2007). Changing health-related behaviours: An approach based on the theory of planned behaviour. In M. Hewstone, H. A. W. Schut, J. B. F. De Wit, K. Van Den Bos, & M. S. Stroebe (Eds.), The scope of social psychology: Theory and applications (pp. 43-63). Psychology Press.
- Alqasa, K. M., Mohd Isa, F., Othman, S. N., & Zolait, A. H. S. (2014). The impact of ’students’ attitude and subjective norm on the behavioural intention to use services of banking system. International journal of business information systems, 15(1), 105-122.
- Armitage, C. J., & Conner, M. (2001). Efficacy of the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analytic review. British journal of social psychology, 40(4), 471-499.
- Azlina, N. (2018). Anggaran Penjanaan Sisa Pepejal Di Malaysia Mengikut Tahunan. (In Malay).
- Bamberg, S. (2003). How does environmental concern influence specific environmentally related behaviors? A new answer to an old question. Journal of environmental psychology, 23(1), 21-32.
- Bandura, A. (2006). Guide for constructing self-efficacy scales. Self-efficacy beliefs of adolescents, 5(1), 307-337.
- Botetzagias, I., Dima, A.-F., & Malesios, C. (2015). Extending the theory of planned behavior in the context of recycling: The role of moral norms and of demographic predictors. Resources, conservation and recycling, 95, 58-67.
- Cestac, J., Paran, F., & Delhomme, P. (2011). Young ’drivers’ sensation seeking, subjective norms, and perceived behavioral control and their roles in predicting speeding intention: How risk-taking motivations evolve with gender and driving experience. Safety science, 49(3), 424-432.
- Chen, M.-F., & Tung, P.-J. (2010). The moderating effect of perceived lack of facilities on ’consumers’ recycling intentions. Environment and Behavior, 42(6), 824-844.
- Chu, M. M. (2019, July 30). Generating More Waste Than Ever. TheStar.
- Chu, P. Y., & Chiu, J. F. (2003). Factors influencing household waste recycling behavior: Test of an integrated model 1. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 33(3), 604-626.
- Collins, S. E., Witkiewitz, K., & Larimer, M. E. (2011). The theory of planned behavior as a predictor of growth in risky college drinking. Journal of studies on alcohol and drugs, 72(2), 322-332.
- Cook, A. J., Kerr, G. N., & Moore, K. (2002). Attitudes and intentions towards purchasing G.M. food. Journal of Economic Psychology, 23(5), 557-572.
- Costello, A. B., & Osborne, J. (2005). Best practices in exploratory factor analysis: Four recommendations for getting the most from your analysis. Practical assessment, research, and evaluation, 10(1), 7.
- Ebreo, A., Hershey, J., & Vining, J. (1999). Reducing solid waste: Linking recycling to environmentally responsible consumerism. Environment and Behavior, 31(1), 107-135.
- Escadas, M., Jalali, M. S., & Farhangmehr, M. (2020). What goes around comes around: The integrated role of emotions on consumer ethical decision-making. Journal of Consumer Behavior, 19(5), 409-422.
- Evans, K. R., Christiansen, T., & Gill, J. D. (1996). The impact of social influence and role expectations on shopping center patronage intentions. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 24(3), 208-218.
- Faul, F., Erdfelder, E., Lang, A.-G., & Buchner, A. (2007). G* Power 3: A flexible statistical power analysis program for the social, behavioral, and biomedical sciences. Behavior research methods, 39(2), 175-191.
- Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (1977). Belief, attitude, intention, and behavior: An introduction to theory and research. Philosophy and Rhetoric, 10(2), 130-132.
- Fishbein, M., & Ajzen, I. (2005). Theory-based behavior change interventions: Comments on Hobbis and Sutton. Journal of health psychology, 10(1), 27-31.
- Fishbein, M., Jaccard, J., Davidson, A. R., Ajzen, I., & Loken, B. (1980). Predicting and understanding family planning behaviors. In Understanding attitudes and predicting social behavior. Prentice Hall.
- Fornell, C., & Larcker, D. F. (1981). Structural equation models with unobservable variables and measurement error: Algebra and statistics. Los Angeles, CA: Sage Publications.
- Giacovelli, C., Zamparo, A., Wehrli, A., & Alverson, K. (2018). Single-use plastics: a roadmap for sustainability. Nairobi: United Nations Environment Programme.
- Godin, G., & Kok, G. (1996). The theory of planned behavior: a review of its applications to health-related behaviors. American journal of health promotion, 11(2), 87-98.
- Golafshani, N. (2003). Understanding reliability and validity in qualitative research. The qualitative report, 8(4), 597-607.
- Hair Jr, J., Babin, B., Money, A., & Samouel, P. (2003). Essentials of business research methods. Johns Wiley & Sons.
- Hair, J. F., Celsi, M., Ortinau, D. J., & Bush, R. P. (2010). Essentials of marketing research. New York: McGraw Hill/Irwin.
- Hair, J. F., Gabriel, M., & Patel, V. (2014). AMOS covariance-based structural equation modeling (CB-SEM): Guidelines on its application as a marketing research tool. Brazilian Journal of Marketing, 13(2).
- Hassan, N. N. N. M., Kadir, J. M. A., & Abd Aziz, N. N. (2020). Examining a TPB Model towards Intention to Use Biodegradable Drinking Straw Using PLS-SEM. Environment-Behavior Proceedings Journal, 5(15), 13-18.
- Häyrinen, L., Mattila, O., Berghäll, S., & Toppinen, A. (2015). Forest ’owners’ socio-demographic characteristics as predictors of customer value: evidence from Finland. Small-Scale Forestry, 14(1), 19-37.
- Kang, J. Y. (2008). Predicting Consumers’ Intentions to Purchase Co-Designed Apparel Products on a Mass Customized Apparel Internet Shopping Site (Thesis). Florida State University.
- Khan, F., Ahmed, W., & Najmi, A. (2019). Understanding consumers’ behavior intentions towards dealing with the plastic waste: Perspective of a developing country. Resources, Conservation and Recycling, 142, 49-58.
- Kianpour, K., Jusoh, A., Mardani, A., Streimikiene, D., Cavallaro, F., Nor, K. M., & Zavadskas, E. K. (2017). Factors influencing ’consumers’ intention to return the end of life electronic products through reverse supply chain management for reuse, repair and recycling. Sustainability, 9(9), 1657.
- Kim, S., & Eastin, M. S. (2011). Hedonic tendencies and the online consumer: An investigation of the online shopping process. Journal of Internet Commerce, 10(1), 68-90.
- Krueger Jr, N. F., Reilly, M. D., & Carsrud, A. L. (2000). Competing models of entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of business venturing, 15(5-6), 411-432.
- Kumar Chaudhary, A., Warner, L. A., Lamm, A. J., Israel, G. D., Rumble, J. N., & Cantrell, R. A. (2017). Using the Theory of Planned Behavior to Encourage Water Conservation among Extension Clients. Journal of Agricultural Education, 58(3), 185-202.
- Kumar, N. (2020). Service Quality and Behavioral Intention: The Mediating Effect of Satisfaction in Online Food Ordering Services. SSRN.
- Lizin, S., Van Dael, M., & Van Passel, S. (2017). Battery pack recycling: Behaviour change interventions derived from an integrative theory of planned behaviour study. Resources, conservation and recycling, 122, 66-82.
- Ma, C., Hao, W., Xiang, W., & Yan, W. (2018). The impact of aggressive driving behaviour on driver-injury severity at highway-rail grade crossings accidents. Journal of Advanced Transportation, 2018, 9841498.
- Maichum, K., Parichatnon, S., & Peng, K.-C. (2016). Application of the extended theory of planned behavior model to investigate purchase intention of green products among Thai consumers. Sustainability, 8(10), 1077.
- Mainieri, T., Barnett, E. G., Valdero, T. R., Unipan, J. B., & Oskamp, S. (1997). Green buying: The influence of environmental concern on consumer behavior. The Journal of social psychology, 137(2), 189-204.
- Martin, M., Williams, I. D., & Clark, M. (2006). Social, cultural and structural influences on household waste recycling: A case study. Resources, conservation and recycling, 48(4), 357-395.
- McEachan, R. R. C., Conner, M., Taylor, N. J., & Lawton, R. J. (2011). Prospective prediction of health-related behaviours with the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Health psychology review, 5(2), 97-144.
- Melović, B., Šehović, D., Karadžić, V., Dabić, M., & Ćirović, D. (2021). Determinants of Millennials’ behavior in online shopping – Implications on ’consumers’ satisfaction and e-business development. Technology in society, 65, 101561.
- MESTECC. (2018). Malaysia’s Roadmap towards Zero Single-Use Plastics 2018–2030. Towards a Sustainable Future. Ministry of Energy, Science, Technology, Environment & Climate Change.
- Mohd Azmi, N. A. S., Juliana, N., Mohd Fahmi Teng, N. I., Azmani, S., Das, S., & Effendy, N. (2020). Consequences of circadian disruption in shift workers on chrononutrition and their psychosocial well-being. International journal of environmental research and public health, 17(6), 2043.
- Mohee, R., & Unmar, G. (2007). Determining biodegradability of plastic materials under controlled and natural composting environments. Waste management, 27(11), 1486-1493.
- Nakasaki, K., Ohtaki, A., Sato, N., & Kubota, H. (1997). Effects of temperature and inoculum on the degradability of biodegradable plastic during composting. Organic Recovery and Biological Treatment (ORBIT), 205-208.
- Nunnally, J. C. (1978). Psychometric theory (2nd ed.). McGraw Hill.
- O’Reilly, S., & Kumar, A. (2016). Closing the loop. The International Journal of Logistics Management, 27(2), 486-510.
- Park, J. Y., & Chertow, M. R. (2014). Establishing and testing the “reuse potential” indicator for managing wastes as resources. Journal of environmental management, 137, 45-53.
- Rausch, T. M., & Kopplin, C. S. (2021). Bridge the gap: ’Consumers’ purchase intention and behavior regarding sustainable clothing. Journal of Cleaner Production, 278, 123882.
- Rezai, G., Kit Teng, P., Mohamed, Z., & Shamsudin, M. N. (2013). Consumer willingness to pay for green food in Malaysia. Journal of International Food & Agribusiness Marketing, 25(sup1), 1-18.
- Rezai, G., Teng, P. K., Mohamed, Z., & Shamsudin, M. N. (2013). Going green: Survey of perceptions and intentions among Malaysian consumers. International Business and Management, 6(1), 104-112.
- Rezai, N. F., & Rahimi, H. (2013). The impact of authoritative, permissive and authoritarian behaviour of parents on self-concept, psychological health and life quality. European Online Journal of Natural and Social Sciences, 2(1), 78-85.
- Rivis, A., & Sheeran, P. (2003). Descriptive norms as an additional predictor in the theory of planned behaviour: A meta-analysis. Current Psychology, 22(3), 218-233.
- Rueda, S., Moriano, J. A., & Liñán, F. (2015). Validating a theory of planned behavior questionnaire to measure entrepreneurial intentions. In A. Fayolle, P. Kyrö & F. Liñán (Eds.), Developing, shaping and growing entrepreneurship (pp. 60-78). Edward Elgar Publishing.
- Schwarz, N., Jalbert, M., Noah, T., & Zhang, L. (2021). Metacognitive experiences as information: Processing fluency in consumer judgment and decision making. Consumer Psychology Review, 4(1), 4-25.
- Sekaran, U. (2003). Towards a guide for novice research on research methodology: Review and proposed methods. Journal of Cases of Information Technology, 8(4), 24-35.
- Sekaran, U., & Bougie, R. (2016). Research methods for business: A skill building approach. John Wiley & Sons.
- Skinner, B. F. (1987). Whatever happened to psychology as the science of behavior? American psychologist, 42(8), 780-786.
- Smith, A. Y. (2015). Attitude, subjective norm, and perceived behavioral control as indicators for nurse ’educators’ intention to use critical thinking teaching strategies: A structural equation model analysis. Andrews University.
- Strydom, W. F. (2018). Applying the theory of planned behavior to recycling behavior in South Africa. Recycling, 3(3), 43.
- Tarkiainen, A., & Sundqvist, S. (2005). Subjective norms, attitudes and intentions of Finnish consumers in buying organic food. British food journal, 107(11), 808-822.
- Taylor, S., & Todd, P. (1997). Understanding the determinants of consumer composting behavior. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 27(7), 602-628.
- Venelampi, O., Weber, A., Rönkkö, T., & Itävaara, M. (2003). The biodegradation and disintegration of paper products in the composting environment. Compost science & utilization, 11(3), 200-209.
- Vikman, M., Karjomaa, S., Kapanen, A., Wallenius, K., & Itävaara, M. (2002). The influence of lignin content and temperature on the biodegradation of lignocellulose in composting conditions. Applied microbiology and biotechnology, 59(4), 591-598.
- Vrbová, L., & Müllerová, B. (2021). Informal reasoning fallacies: answered and unanswered questions from a decision-making perspective. International Journal of Management and Decision Making, 20(1), 112-122.
- Wan, C., Shen, G. Q., & Choi, S. (2017). Experiential and instrumental attitudes: Interaction effect of attitude and subjective norm on recycling intention. Journal of environmental psychology, 50, 69-79.
- Wan, C., Shen, G. Q., & Choi, S. (2018). The moderating effect of subjective norm in predicting intention to use urban green spaces: A study of Hong Kong. Sustainable Cities and Society, 37, 288-297.
- Wang, H., Ye, X., Tian, Y., Zheng, G., & Christov, N. (2016). Model-free based terminal SMC of quadrotor attitude and position. IEEE Transactions on Aerospace and Electronic Systems, 52(5), 2519-2528.
- Wiener, J. L., & Sukhdial, A. (1990). Recycling of solid waste: directions for future research. Proceedings of the AMA Summer ’Educators’ Conference.
- Zabelina, E., Tsiring, D., & Artemeva, V. (2021). Entrepreneurs’ time perspective: attitude to adversities, opportunities and self-confidence. International Journal of Entrepreneurship and Small Business, 43(1), 84-99.
- Zagata, L. (2012). Consumers’ beliefs and behavioural intentions towards organic food. Evidence from the Czech Republic. Appetite, 59(1), 81-89.
- Zhou, L., Dai, L., & Zhang, D. (2007). Online shopping acceptance model-A critical survey of consumer factors in online shopping. Journal of Electronic commerce research, 8(1), 41-62.
- Zuraidah, R., Hashima, H., Yahya, K., & Mohamad, S. (2012). Environmental conscious behaviour among male and female Malaysian consumers. OIDA International Journal of Sustainable Development, 4(8), 55-64.