Managing research and development process in conditions of economic growth of Kazakhstan: Methods and analysis
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(3).2021.16
-
Article InfoVolume 19 2021, Issue #3, pp. 185-196
- Cited by
- 835 Views
-
247 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This study aims to assess the relationship between R&D and economic growth in terms of their ability to understand R&D management. In the paper, the algorithm of actions was used, which allows ensuring interconnection, sequence of work, validity of the choice of the methods used, and defining key factors over a long period. The following methods of the empirical study were used: analysis of the provision of level development; regional analysis of the data; correlation analysis. Based on correlation analysis the impact of economic growth on R&D was investigated, which is expressed by such variables as the number of organizations engaged in R&D, internal expenditures in R&D, expenditures for technological innovations, number of employees in R&D. The data were obtained from the World Bank, the Eurasian Economic Union, and the statistical yearbook of Kazakhstan for 2009–2019. The results obtained show that all determinants correlate not only with the GDP but with each other as well. According to the findings, viewing the GDP level, there is a positive and negative correlation link between such two factors as ‘the number of research organizations’ and ‘R&D technological innovations’. These coefficients of correlation between GDP and independent factors selected for the analysis are significant, i.e. they can significantly affect the value of the GDP. The obtained results are useful in formulating the R&D development management strategy.
Acknowledgments
This study has been funded by the Science Committee of the Ministry of Education and Science of the Republic of Kazakhstan (grant IRN AP08052800 “Intellectual potential of the regions of the Republic of Kazakhstan: assessment and development prospects”).
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)O30, O31, M50
-
References45
-
Tables6
-
Figures0
-
- Table 1. Number of organizations performing R&D by sector of performance for 2009–2019
- Table 2. Internal R&D expenditures by sector of performance for 2009–2019, in million KZT
- Table 3. Sources of financing for internal R&D expenditures for 2009–2019, in million KZT
- Table 4. Internal costs on R&D for 2009–2019, in million KZT
- Table 5. The number of enterprises engaged in R&D for 2009–2019
- Table 6. Pearson correlation matrix of the variables
-
- Alzhanova, F. G., Kireyeva, А. А., Satpayeva, Z. T., Tsoy, A. A., & Nurbatsin, A. (2020). Analysis of the level of technological development and digital readiness of scientific-research institutes. Journal of Asian finance, economics and business, 7(12), 1133-1147.
- Amendola, G., Dosi, G., & Papagni, E. (1993). The dynamics of international competitiveness. Weltwirtschaftliches Archiv, 129, 451-471.
- Archibald, R. B., & Pereira, A. M. (2003). Effects of public and private R&D on private-sector performance in the United States. Public finance review, 31(4), 429-451.
- Audretsch, D. (1998). Agglomeration and the location of innovative activity. Oxford Review of Economic Policy, 14(2), 18-29.
- Bassanini, A., Scarpetta, S., & Hemmings, P. (2001). Economic growth: the role of policies and institutions. Panel data evidence from OECD countries (Working Papers No. 70). OECD Publishing.
- Beckman, C. M. (2006). The Influence of Founding Team Company Affiliations on Firm Behavior. Academy of Management Journal, 49(4), 741-758.
- Blackburn, K., Hung, V. T. Y., & Pozzolo, A. F. (2000). Human Capital Research, Development and Accumulation. Journal of Macroeconomics, 22(2), 189-206.
- Boldeanu, F. T., & Constantinescu, L. (2015). The main determinants affecting economic growth. Bulletin of the Transilvania University of Braşov Series V: Economic Sciences, 8(57/2), 329-338.
- Bozkurt, C. (2015). R&D expenditures and economic growth relationship in Turkey. International Journal of Economics and Financial Issues, 5(1), 188-198.
- Bureau of National Statistics. (n.d.). Statistics of national accounts.
- Burkynskyi, B., Iermakova, O., & Laiko, O. (2021). Strategic directions for increasing the gross value added of the high-tech sector (on the example of the Ukrainian economy). Entrepreneurship and Sustainability Issues, 8(4), 508-523.
- Clausen, T. H. (2009). Do subsidies have positive impacts on R&D and innovation activities at the firm level? Structural change and economic dynamics, 20(4), 239-253.
- Coccia, M. (2018). Theorem of not independence of any technological innovation. Journal of economics bibliography, 5(1), 29-35.
- Cohen, W. M., & Levinthal, D. A. (1989). Innovation and learning: the two faces of R&D. The Economic Journal, 99(397), 569-596.
- Dai, X., & Cheng, L. (2015). The effect of public subsidies on corporate R&D investment: An application of the generalized propensity score. Technological forecasting and social change, 90(B), 410-419.
- Davis, M.H., Betta, A., Macdonald, M.J., & Gaskell, M. (2009). Learning and Consolidation of Novel Spoken Words. Journal of Cognitive Neuroscience, 21(4), 803-820.
- Fine, C. H. (1998). Clockspeed: Winning Industry Control in the Age of Temporary Advantage. Perseus.
- Grossman, M., & Helpman, E. (1991). Innovation and growth in the global economy. Cambridge, Massachusetts & London, England: The MIT Press.
- Inekwe, J. N. (2015).The contribution of R&D expenditure to economic growth in developing economies. Social indicators research, 124(3), 727-745.
- Jones, C., & Williams, J. (1998). Measuring The Social Return To R&D. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 113(4), 1119-1135.
- Khan, H. (1991). Measurement and Determinants of Socioeconomic Development: A Critical Conspectus. Social Indicators Research, 24(2), 153-175.
- Lee, C-Y. (2011). The differential effects of public R&D support on firm R&D: theory and evidence from multi-country data. Technovation, 31(5-6), 256-269.
- Lindner, F., & Wald, A. (2011). Success factors of knowledge management in temporary organizations. International Journal of Project Management, 29(7), 877-888.
- Mahoney, J., & Pandian, R. (1992). The resource-based view within the conversation of strategic management. Strategic Management Journal, 13(5), 363-380.
- Meo, S. A., Al Masri, A. A., Usmani, A. M., Memon, A. N., & Zaidi, S. Z. (2013). Impact of GDP, spending on R&D, number of universities and scientific journals on research publications among Asian countries. PloS one, 8(6), e66449.
- Muscio, A., Quaglione, D., & Vallanti, G. (2013). Does government funding complement or substitute private research funding to universities? Research policy, 42(1), 63-75.
- Nekrep, A., Strasek, S., & Borsic, D. (2018). Productivity and Economic Growth in the European Union: Impact of Investment in Research and Development. Nase Gospodarstvo/Our Economy, 64(1), 18-27.
- Pessoa, A. (2010). R&D and economic growth: How strong is the link? Economics Letters, 107(2), 152-154.
- Pinto, T., & Teixeira, A. A. (2020). The impact of research output on economic growth by fields of science: a dynamic panel data analysis, 1980–2016. Scientometrics, 123, 945-978.
- Poorfaraj, A., & Keshavarz, H. (2011). Knowledge and Economic Growth: Evidence from Some Developing Countries. Journal of Education and Vocational Research, 1(1), 21-25.
- Rensburg, N. J., Telukdarie, A., & Dhamija, P. (2019). Society 4.0 applied in Africa: Advancing the social impact of technology. Technology in Society, 59, 101125.
- Romer, P. (1990). Endogenous technological change. The Journal of political economy, 98(5/2), 71-102.
- Straková, J., Váchal, J., Kollmann, J. & Talíř, M. (2021). Development trends in organizational and management structures. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 19(2), 495-506.
- Terziev, V., & Klimuk, V. (2021). Performance Analysis of the Implementation of Innovation Policy in Belarus. European Economics: Labor & Social Conditions eJournal, 53-58.
- Timmons, J. A. (1999). New Venture Creation. Entrepreneurship for the 21st Century. Singapore: McGraw-Hill.
- Tsipouri, L. (2001). Can we benchmark the contribution of research and development investment to growth and competitiveness? Science and public policy, 28(4), 295-302.
- Türedi, A. P. (2016). The Relationship between R&D Expenditures, Patent Applications and Growth: A Dynamic Panel Causality Analysis for OECD Countries. Anadolu University Journal of Social Sciences, 16, 39-48.
- Veselá, D., & Klimová, K. (2014). Knowledge-based Economy vs. Creative Economy. Procedia – Social Behavior Science, 141, 413-417.
- Vincett, P. S. (2010). The economic impacts of academic spin-off companies, and their implications for public policy. Research policy, 39(6), 736-747.
- Vinkler, P. (2008). Correlation between the structure of scientific research, scientometric indicators and GDP in EU and non-EU countries. Scientometrics, 74(2), 237-254.
- Walwyn, D. (2007). Finland and the mobile phone industry: A case study of the return on investment from government-funded research and development. Technovation, 27(6-7), 335-341.
- Wang, D.H.-M., Yu, T.H.-K., & Liu, H.-Q. (2013). Heterogeneous effect of high-tech industrial R&D spending on economic growth. Journal of business research, 66(10), 1990-1993.
- Wanzenboeck, I., Scherngell, T., & Brenner, T. (2014). Embeddedness of regions in European knowledge networks: a comparative analysis of inter-regional R&D collaborations, co-patents and co-publications. The Annals of Regional Science, 53(2), 337-368.
- Yoo, S-H. (2004). Public R&D expenditure and private R&D expenditure: a causality analysis. Applied Economics Letters, 11(11), 711-714.
- Ziyadin, S., Omarova, A., Doszhan, R., Saparova, G., & Zharaskyzy, G. (2018). Diversification of R&D results commercialization. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 16(4), 331-343.