Challenges and opportunities in the development of micro, small, and medium-sized enterprises (MSMEs) in Central and West Asia

  • Received March 30, 2024;
    Accepted May 20, 2024;
    Published June 6, 2024
  • Author(s)
  • DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.22(2).2024.41
  • Article Info
    Volume 22 2024, Issue #2, pp. 527-538
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The study aims to analyze the impact of challenges and opportunities related to corruption, regulatory barriers to doing business, innovativeness of the business environment, and development of institutions and policies that ensure economic prosperity on the development of MSMEs in Central-Western Asia countries. The paper chooses seven Central-West Asian countries using Asian Development Bank statistics for 2010–2021. Based on eleven indicators of the Asian Development Bank (the absolute values and dynamics of the number of MSMEs, their employees, their contribution to GDP, financing by banks and non-banking financial institutions) and factor analysis, the composite indicator of MSMEs’ development was calculated. The highest levels of the composite indicator in 2021 were observed for Kazakhstan (1.248), Uzbekistan (1.120), and Azerbaijan (1.043), and the lowest values for the Kyrgyz Republic (0.676). Employing a panel regression analysis with time-fixed effects (for all countries), connections between composite indicators of MSMEs’ development and the Corruption Perceptions Index, Ease of Doing Business Index, Global Competitiveness Index, and Global Innovation Index were explored. The greatest impact was in 2019 – with an increase in the Corruption Perceptions Index by one unit (the higher it is, the less corruption is considered by experts), the MSME development indicator increased by 0.26 units. With an increase in the Ease of Doing Business, Global Competitiveness, and Global Innovation Indices by one unit (growth indicates deterioration of the country’s rating position), the composite indicator of MSMEs’ development decreases by 0.68, 0.69, and 0.67 units, respectively.

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    • Figure 1. A scree plot of the eigenvalues
    • Figure 2. Factor loadings plot for factors 1, 2, and 3
    • Figure 3. Trends in the development of composite indicators of MSMEs’ development (I_msme) for 2010–2021 for the analyzed Central and West Asian countries
    • Figure 4. Comparison of the composite indicator of MSMEs’ development (I_msme) for 2010, 2016, and 2021 for the analyzed Central and West Asian countries
    • Table 1. General characteristics of the research input data
    • Table 2. Correlation matrix for the construction of a composite indicator characterizing the development of MSMEs
    • Table 3. Characteristics of principal components before and after rotation for the construction of a composite indicator characterizing MSMEs’ development
    • Table 4. Factor loadings for the construction of a composite indicator characterizing the development of MSMEs
    • Table 5. Correlation matrix between the composite indicator of MSMEs’ development and measures of political, economic, and innovative development of countries
    • Table 6. Comparison of regression models with time-fixed effects
    • Conceptualization
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Data curation
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Formal Analysis
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Funding acquisition
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Investigation
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Methodology
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Project administration
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Resources
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Software
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Supervision
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Validation
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Visualization
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Writing – original draft
      Leyla Huseynova
    • Writing – review & editing
      Leyla Huseynova