Long Tran Viet

After the global impact of the COVID-19 pandemic, the tourism industry encounters opportunities and challenges worldwide, including limited tourism resources, while considering intellectual property aspects such as place names, natural resources, traditional knowledge, and regional cultural heritage. This topic research is limited in Vietnam, especially quantitative one. Thus, this study aims to determine the impact of local intellectual assets (LIAs) on tourism development through the mediation of protection and exploitation activities of local intellectual assets. The data for the study were collected through interviews with 296 individual business households in Central Vietnam. The study utilized the SPSS and AMOS 25 software as research tools, and the Structural Equation Modeling (SEM) was applied to test the hypotheses. The research results indicate that local intellectual assets, consisting of reputation, specialties, traditional knowledge, and folk culture, directly and statistically significantly affect the residents’ perception and the local government’s support. Furthermore, through these two factors, local intellectual assets indirectly and statistically significantly affect protecting and exploiting local intellectual assets and the development of tourism activities. The study’s findings also provide a basis for local authorities and businesses to propose policy implications and management strategies that pay more attention to the issue of local intellectual assets and the protection and exploitation of local intellectual assets to serve tourism development.

Trade defense measures are tools that governments use to balance protecting domestic industries and ensuring that trade remains fair and open. Yet, their use requires careful consideration of their potential impacts on trade relations and the broader economy. Thus, this study aims to examine the impact of trade defense measures on the intentions of import-export businesses in Vietnam with the mediating effect of managers’ risk perceptions and management attitudes in the Vietnamese market. Data were collected from 793 managers representing import-export businesses through the Vietnam Customs Department. Using the PLS-SEM model, the study finds that trade defense measures, such as anti-dumping, anti-subsidy, and safeguard measures stipulated by foreign trade laws, influence the intention of businesses to implement them. This influence is mediated by risk perception and management attitude. Contrary to expectations, the content of trade defense measures has a reverse effect on businesses’ risk perception. This suggests that, from the perspective of import-export businesses, the perception of risk is not significantly affected by these measures in their transactions. This risk perception also has a reverse impact on the attitude of business managers. Furthermore, the study shows that the content of trade defense measures has an opposing effect on the risk perception of businesses. In other words, trade defense measures in business transactions do not significantly influence risk perception. These findings have important implications for policy development to enhance Vietnam’s foreign trade management system and valuable management suggestions for import-export business managers in the future.

Acknowledgment
The authors would like to thank the Editor-in-Chief and a reviewer for their helpful comments that, in our view, have helped significantly improve the quality of the manuscript.

This study aims to explore the research landscape and identify the main research directions related to the topic of trade remedies. The research data were collected by accessing the Scopus database with 289 documents and the WoS database with 75 documents published from 1950 to 2023. After processing the data overlap, 290 documents were used as the final sample for the study. The study employed descriptive statistical analysis; bibliometric analysis was conducted using the VOSviewer 1.6.20 software. The results indicate that publications on the topic of trade remedies have been relatively scarce, but diverse research has been conducted in various countries worldwide. The period from 2007 to 2023 has seen significant development in the quantity of both articles and citations related to the topic. Additionally, the study reveals three main research directions related to the development of different aspects of trade remedies. These include research on specific measures of trade remedies (anti-dumping, countervailing measures, safeguard measures, and reactive and preventive trade defense measures), research on the use of tariffs as a tool for implementing trade remedies in the field of renewable energy, and research on resolving international trade disputes in the agricultural sector.

Acknowledgment
This collaborative research involves scholars from the University of Law – Hue University and Duy Tan University. The authors extend their gratitude to both institutions for their support and assistance in facilitating the publication of this research.