Competitiveness of the Ukrainian labor market in the context of modern global challenges
-
Author(s)Yurii MarshavinLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0144-1441
,
Taras KytsakLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-0525-7556
,
Volodymyr KyryliukLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0000-0003-4840-1690
,
Olga LeontenkoLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-2058-4037
,
Andrii VasylenkoLink to ORCID Index: https://orcid.org/0000-0002-1704-593X
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/slrtp.12(2).2022.01
-
Article InfoVolume 12 2022, Issue #2, pp. 1-14
- Cited by
- 334 Views
-
61 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
The relevance of the article is due to the need to determine the conceptual directions for strengthening the competitiveness of the national labor market in the context of intensifying international processes in the area of competition for highly qualified workers and investments in the creation of new modern workplaces. The purpose of the article is to develop the theoretical and conceptual foundations of ensuring the competitiveness of the national labor market. This problem is considered from the position of strategic importance for Ukraine, as it reflects the key societal socio-economic processes and forms the prerequisites for achieving the goals of sustainable development. As a result of the analysis of the state policy of Ukraine to overcome the negative consequences of the pandemic for the employment sector and the labor market, its ineffective practices were noted – the coronavirus restrictions were implemented against the background of the complete withdrawal of the state from real financial assistance and effective measures to support the employment sector. The main reasons that hold back the attraction of foreign investments for the creation of new jobs are indicated such as the disproportion of demand and supply; destructiveness of social dialogue processes in the labor market; low quality of labor legislation, low employment rates and a huge volume of the shadow segment. Recommendations have been developed on the use of practical tools for the development of the competitive advantages of Ukraine’s labor market, namely, strengthening the professional and qualification qualities of the workforce, modernizing the state policy of attracting capital investments, overcoming the shadow segment of the labor market, improving the legal and regulatory regulation of remote work, developing digital employment platforms, introducing progressive foreign practices of regulating the labor market in conditions of pandemic restrictions.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)E29, J21, J23, J40, J68
-
References66
-
Tables3
-
Figures1
-
- Figure 1. Динаміка вакансій українського ринку праці в 2021 р., грн
-
- Table 1. Прогнози щодо майбутнього ринку праці
- Table 2. Зміни професій та робіт
- Table 3. Кореляційна залежність рівня зайнятості від обсягів капітальних інвестицій
-
- Bandur, S., & Kovenska, O. (2015). Teoretyko-metodolohichni imperatyvy derzhavnoho rehuliuvannia rynku pratsi v konteksti reformuvannia ekonomiky Ukrainy [Theoretical and methodological imperatives of state regulation of the labor market in the context of reforming the economy of Ukraine]. Rynok pratsi ta zainiatist naselennia [The labor market and population change], 2, 9–13. (In Ukrainian).
- Blyzniuk, V., & Huk, L. (2021). Provaly derzhavnoho rehuliuvannia na rynku pratsi ta mozhlyvosti yikh minimizatsii [Failures of state regulation in the labor market and the possibility of minimizing them]. Economy of Ukraine, 12, 22–43. (In Ukrainian).
- Bobukh, I. (2021). Rozbudova instytutsiinoho karkasu inkliuzyvnykh ekonomichnykh aspektiv protydii pandemii v Ukraini [Prospects for post-coronavirus economic transformations for the world and Ukraine]. (In Ukrainian).
- Deming, J. (2017). The growing importance of social skills in the labor market. The Quarterly Journal of Economics, 132(4), 1593–1640.
- DOU. (2022). Deloitte.
- Dutta, S., Lanvin, B., & Wunsch-Vincent, S. (2019). Global Innovation Index 2019.
- Ericsson. (2020). The dematerialized office. A vision of the internet of senses in the 2030 future workplace.
- European Commission. (2014). Communication from the Commission to the European Parliament, the Council, the European Economic and Social Committee and the Committee of the Regions.
- Fagan, D. (2017). New analysis says more jobs safer from automation than previously believed.
- Fedorenko, V., & Pinchuk, Y. (2014). Yevrointehratsiia, ekonomika i rynok pratsi v Ukraini [European integration, economy and labor market in Ukraine]. Rynok pratsi ta zainiatist naselennia [The labor market and population change], 1, 13–15. (In Ukrainian).
- Galka, M. (2016). Mapping the Flow of International Trade.
- Horban, Y. (2021). How the COVID-19 pandemic changed the labor market in Ukraine.
- ILO. (1999). Decent work for all in a global economy.
- ILO. (2020a). ILO Monitor: COVID-19 and the world of work (3rd ed.).
- ILO. (2020b). Zarobitna plata u sviti v 2020-2021 rokakh: zarobitna plata i minimalna zarobitna plata u period pandemii COVID-19 [Wages in the world in 2020-2021: wages and minimum wages during the pandemic COVID-19]. (In Ukrainian).
- ILO. (2021a). ILO Monitor: COVID-19 and the world of work (7th ed.).
- ILO. (2021). World Employment and Social Outlook 2021.
- IMF. (2020). World Economic Outlook, April 2020: The Great Lockdown.
- Kolot, A., & Herasymenko, O. (2017). Concept of decent work as a theoretical and applicable platform for development of social and labour area. Problems of economy and political economy, 2, 7–55. (In Ukrainian).
- Kolot, A., & Herasymenko, O. (2017). Imperatyvy novoi ekonomiky ta instytut hidnoi pratsi. Hidna pratsi; imperatyvy, ukrainsky realii, mekhanizmy zabezpechennia [Imperatives of the new economy and the institution of decent work. Worthy of work; imperatives, Ukrainian realities, support mechanisms]. Kyiv: KNEU.
- Kolot, A., Lopusniak, H., Kravchuk, O., Varys, I., & Ryabokon, I. (2021). Transferable competencies of HR manager under global socio-economic changes. Problems and Perspectives in Management, 20(1), 322–341.
- Libanova, E. (2020). Trudova mihratsiia z Ukrainy: vplyv COVID-19 [Labor migration from Ukraine: impact of COVID-19]. (In Ukrainian).
- Manyika, J., Chui, M., & Miremadi, M., etc. (2022). A future that works: automation, employment, and productivity. Mckinsey & Company.
- Markevych, K. (2021). Not «investment nannies»: that will help attract money to Ukraine. Razumkov tsentr.
- Marshavin, Y. (2018). Khvylovyi vplyv kapitalnykh investytsii na sferu zainiatosti [Wave impact of capital investment on employment]. Sotsialno-trudova sfera v umovakh stanovlennia novoi ekonomiky: hlobalni vyklyky ta dominanty rozvytku: materialy kruhloho stolu". Kyiv: KNEU.
- McKenzie, D. (2017). How Effective Are Active Labor Market Policies in Developing Countries? A Critical Review of Recent EvidenThe World Bank Research Observer, 32, 128–154.
- McKinsey. (2018). McKinsey Quarterly 2018 (N. 4. Overview and full issue).
- Mykhailyshyna, D. (2020). Yakoiu bula sytuatsiia na rynku pratsi pid chas karantynu ta chy vidbuvaietsia vidnovlennia? [What was the situation on the labor market during quarantine and is there a recovery?]. (In Ukrainian).
- National Bank of Ukraine. (2020). Vystup Holovy NBU na Shchorichnii doslidnytskii konferentsii Natsionalnoho banku Ukrainy ta Natsionalnoho banku Polshchi "Rynok pratsi ta monetarna polityka" [Speech of the Chairman of the NBU at the Annual Research Conference of the National Bank of Ukraine and the National Bank of Poland "Labor Market and Monetary Policy"]. (In Ukrainian).
- Novikov, V. (2020). Quality of education. PISA-2018: assessment and improvement potential. Demography and social economy, 2(40), 50–70. (In Ukrainian).
- Novikova, O., & Amosha, O. (2021). Transformatsiia sotsialno-trudovoi sfery v umovakh tsyfrovizatsii ekonomiky [Transformation of the social and labor sphere in the context of digitalization of the economy]. Kyiv. (In Ukrainian)
- OECD. (2019). PISA 2018 Results (Volume I): What students know and can do.
- OECD. (2020). Job retention schemes during the COVID-19 lockdown and beyond.
- Okunska, K. (2021). Rynok pratsi Ukrainy: sohodennia i tendentsii maibutnoho [Labor market of Ukraine: present and future trends]. (In Ukrainian).
- Oliinyk, A., Pikhulia, E., Romanova, E., & Lopan, A. (2020). Competitiveness of personnel as a component of efficient activity of the enterprise. Ekonomika ta derzhava, 1, 97-101. (In Ukrainian).
- Paustovska, T. (2018). Regulation of labor market in conditions of modern world competition. Uzhorod National University Herald. International Economic Relations And World Economy, 17(2), 33–38. (In Ukrainian).
- Petrashko, I. (2020). Zrostannia kilkosti zareiestrovanykh bezrobitnykh zupynylosia [The growth in the number of registered unemployed has stopped]. (In Ukrainian).
- Petrova, I. (2017). Competitiveness of working force in the conditions of labor money complexity. Scientific herald uem. series. economics and management, 4, 1–10. (In Ukrainian).
- Petrova, I., Balyka, O., & Kachan, H. (2020). Digital economy and digital employment appearance. Social and Labour Relations: Theory and Practice, 10, 1–10. (In Ukrainian).
- Polunina, D. (2021). Zrostannia zarplat, vakansii i hibrydnyi hrafik. Shcho pokazav rynok pratsi u 2021 rotsi [Wage growth, vacancies and hybrid schedule. What the labor market showed in 2021]. (In Ukrainian).
- PwC. (2017). Maibutnie rynku pratsi. Protyborstvo tendentsii, yaki budut formuvaty roboche seredovyshche v 2030 rotsi [The future of the labor market. Confronting trends that will shape the work environment in 2030] (42 p.). (In Ukrainian).
- Pyshchulina, O. (2020). Tsyfrova ekonomika: trendy, ryzyky ta sotsialni determinanty [Digital economy: trends, risks and social determinants] (274 p.). Kyiv: Tsentr Razumkova.
- Pyshchulina, O., Koval, O., & Kochemirovska, O. (2010). Systemni vady rynku pratsi Ukrainy ta priorytety yoho reformuvannia [Systemic shortcomings of the labor market of Ukraine and priorities for its reform] (72 p.). Kyiv: NISD. (In Ukrainian).
- Pyshchulina, O., Yurchyshyn, V., & Yurochko, T. (2021). Sotsialno-ekonomichni naslidky koronakryzy [Socio-economic consequences of the corona crisis]. (In Ukrainian).
- Ruzhenskyi, M. (2021). Modernization of employment: content and priorities. Ekonomika ta derzhava, 5, 4–7. (In Ukrainian).
- Segal, S. (2020). The Global Economic Impacts of COVID-19.
- Semykina, M. (2004). Filosofiia motyvatsii pratsi v umovakh formuvannia konkurentnykh vidnosyn [Philosophy of work motivation in the conditions of formation of competitive relations]. Ukraina: aspekty pratsi, 4, 33–42. (In Ukrainian).
- Shevchenko, L. (2007). Konkurentospromozhnist firmy na rynku pratsi [Competitiveness of the firm in the labor market]. Demography and social economy, 1, 97–106. (In Ukrainian).
- Shylovtseva, N. (2019). Modernization of Employment as a Condition for Increasing the National Labour Market Competitiveness. Modern Economics, 15, 211-217. (In Ukrainian).
- State Employment Center. (2020). Sytuatsiia na zareiestrovanomu rynku pratsi ta diialnist Derzhavnoi sluzhby zainiatosti [The situation on the registered labor market and the activities of the State Employment Service]. (In Ukrainian).
- State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2017). Statystychnyi shchorichnyk Ukrainy za 2016 rotsi [Statistical yearbook of Ukraine for 2016]. (In Ukrainian).
- State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2020). Statystychnyi shchorichnyk Ukrainy za 2019 rik [Statistical yearbook of Ukraine for 2019]. (In Ukrainian).
- State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2022). Official website.
- State Statistics Service of Ukraine. (2022). Kapitalni investytsii za dzherelamy finansuvannia za 2010-2020 roky [Capital investments by sources of financing for 2010-2020].
- The Good Economy. (n.d.). Official website.
- The World Bank. (2020). World Development Report 2020.
- Thompson, A., & Strickland III, A. (2003). Strategic Management: Concepts and Cases. New York: Mcgraw-Hill.
- U.S. Bureau of Labor Statistics. (n.d.). Official website.
- UkrInform. (2021). Yak pandemiia COVID-19 za licheni tyzhni radykalno zminyla rynok pratsi v sviti [How the COVID-19 pandemic has radically changed the world labor market in a matter of weeks]. (In Ukrainian).
- Unily. (2020). Future of the workplace 2030+.
- Vasylchenko, V. (2003). Derzhavne rehuliuvannia zainiatosti [State regulation of employment]. Kyiv: KNEU. (In Ukrainian).
- Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2014). Pro utvorennia publichnoho aktsionernoho tovarystva “Ukrainska zaliznytsia” [About the formation of the public joint-stock company “Ukrainian Railway”]. (In Ukrainian).
- Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine. (2021). Pro vnesennia zmin do deiakykh zakonodavchykh aktiv Ukrainy shchodo udoskonalennia pravovoho rehuliuvannia dystantsiinoi, nadomnoi roboty ta roboty iz zastosuvanniam hnuchkoho rezhymu robochoho chasu [On the introduction of amendments to some legislative acts of Ukraine regarding the improvement of the legal regulation of remote work, home work and work with the application of flexible working hours]. (In Ukrainian).
- Vlasiuk, V. (2021). Shcho ne tak z kapitalnymy investytsiiamy v Ukraini [What is wrong with capital investment in Ukraine]. (In Ukrainian).
- World Economic Forum. (2020). Global Competitiveness Report (Special Edition 2020: How Countries are Performing on the Road to Recovery).
- Zabelina, O., Mayorova, A., & Safonova, E. (2018). Oriyentatsiya na aktualnyy rynok truda i strategicheskiye podkhodi k gosudarstvennoy politike professionalnogo razvitiya naseleniya: opyt zarubezhnykh stran [Focus on the current labor market and strategic approaches to the state policy of professional development of the population: the experience of foreign countries]. Ekonomika truda [Labor Economics], 8(2), 15–30. (In Russian).
-
The impact of COVID-19 on the transportation and logistics industry
Dalia Perkumiene ,
Agbonmere Osamede ,
Regina Andriukaitienė ,
Olegas Beriozovas
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(4).2021.37
Problems and Perspectives in Management Volume 19, 2021 Issue #4 pp. 458-469 Views: 6535 Downloads: 10195 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯIn this present age of globalization, the logistics and transportation industry has become an integral part of most businesses/firms as it is aimed at ensuring the effective movement of people, distribution of goods and services from one location to another on time. Therefore, this paper aims to analyze the impact of COVID-19 on the logistics and transportation sectors. The qualitative research approach was adopted using analysis and synthesis of scientific literature, data from news reports, organizational sites, and a case study of data contents. The paper presented the analysis of negative and positive effects of COVID-19 on the logistics and transportation industry. The study also discusses possible strategies and further steps for improvement of the logistics and transportation sector, including the automation and introduction of other technologies, a sustainable and flexible transportation system, cooperation of logistics and transportation business. Findings regarding the positive implications of COVID-19 show noticeable advancements in the logistics and transportation sector, such as the rise of e-commerce businesses with efficient delivery options, and the development of 3rd party logistics services as more companies outsource supply chain operations. The study revealed the importance of strategic planning with a joint effort from the research centers, public sector, private sector, and educational institutions as one of the proposed solutions for the logistics and transportation industry.
-
Impact of teleworking on job satisfaction among Slovakian employees in the era of COVID-19
Peter Karácsony
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.19(3).2021.01
Problems and Perspectives in Management Volume 19, 2021 Issue #3 pp. 1-9 Views: 3881 Downloads: 1230 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯThe COVID-19 pandemic, which became a global crisis in 2020, has radically transformed people’s normal lives in a matter of weeks. In addition to the health consequences, the virus has had a significant impact on the society and the economy, including the labor market. The present study aims to assess how traditional working has been transformed into teleworking in Slovakia. The study examines whether Slovakian workers are satisfied with teleworking. The questionnaire survey was conducted in December 2020 during the second wave of the coronavirus in Slovakia. Based on the obtained results, a significant relationship between teleworking satisfaction and salary satisfaction, supervisory support, and job autonomy was found. Based on the obtained results, teleworking introduced due to the coronavirus had a clear positive effect on job satisfaction of the examined Slovakian employees. As a result of teleworking, the relationship between manager and subordinate has improved, and work-life balance has also developed favorably.
Acknowledgments
This study was funded by the Pallas Athéné Foundations. -
The impact of social distancing policy on small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) in Indonesia
Muhtar Lutfi ,
Pricylia Chintya Dewi Buntuang ,
Yoberth Kornelius ,
Erdiyansyah ,
Bakri Hasanuddin
doi: http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.18(3).2020.40
Problems and Perspectives in Management Volume 18, 2020 Issue #3 pp. 492-503 Views: 3858 Downloads: 1386 TO CITE АНОТАЦІЯThis study aims to investigate the impact of social distancing policies on SMEs in Indonesia. It used a quantitative method with a survey design. Respondents were all SMEs in Indonesia that are affected by social distancing policies during the COVID-19 pandemic. It involved a total of 587 SME samples selected randomly. The data were collected through observations, questionnaires, and literature studies. The collected data were analyzed using descriptive statistics with SPSS software to determine the mean value. The result showed that social distancing policies affect SMEs during the COVID-19 pandemic. This is indicated by the decreasing income and demand for SMEs products, and even some have no income (mean values of 2.40) due to the social distancing policies. Besides, the policy’s impact is also shown in the increasing cost of raw materials and production costs due to supply chain problems (mean values of 4.79). The policy’s impact raises anxiety for SMEs to survive so that business actors change their plans by utilizing information technology (mean values of 4.81). This change is a strategy to survive due to the impact of the applied policies. Although social distancing policies affect SMEs’ survival during the pandemic, research findings show that SMEs in Indonesia did not terminate employment (mean values of 4.37) due to the presence of economic stimulus policies that helped SMEs survive and grow during the COVID-19 pandemic.
