Psychological capital as a moderator between personality traits and flourishing in the sample of Lithuanian employees

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Recent scholarly works in the field of organizational behavior highlight the critical importance of understanding the variables that contribute to employee flourishing. However, these variables are still under-researched while this information can contribute to the improvement of management practices. The purpose of this study was to explore the role of psychological capital as a moderator between personality traits and flourishing. The sample consisted of employees (n = 155) working full-time in various Lithuanian private organizations. The data were collected online through professional networks. Participants completed measures assessing the Big Five personality traits (BFI-2), psychological capital (self-efficacy, hope, optimism, resilience) (PCQ-24), and flourishing (FS). Correlation, multiple regression, and moderation analyses were conducted. Results demonstrated that extraversion, agreeableness, conscientiousness, and openness were positively associated with flourishing, whereas neuroticism was negatively associated. Together, these traits explained 68.5% of the variance in flourishing. Examining psychological capital, extraversion, agreeableness, and openness emerged as positive predictors, while neuroticism was a negative predictor, accounting for 47.9% of the variance. Within psychological capital, optimism, hope, and self-efficacy significantly predicted flourishing, explaining 59.4% of its variance; resilience, while correlated, was not a significant predictor. Notably, psychological capital moderated the relationship between extraversion and flourishing: individuals high in extraversion and psychological capital reported enhanced flourishing. From a management perspective, interventions that strengthen psychological capital may be especially beneficial for employees high in extraversion, potentially fostering greater well-being, work efficiency, and productivity.

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    • Figure 1. Conceptual model
    • Table 1. Baseline characteristics of the study participants
    • Table 2. Confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) for the instruments’ scales and subscales
    • Table 3. Pearson correlations between personality traits and psychological flourishing
    • Table 4. Multiple linear regression predicting psychological flourishing based on personality traits
    • Table 5. Pearson correlations between personality traits and psychological capital
    • Table 6. Multiple linear regression predicting psychological capital based on personality traits
    • Table 7. Pearson correlations between psychological capital and psychological flourishing
    • Table 8. Multiple linear regression predicting flourishing based on psychological capital
    • Table 9. Moderation analysis
    • Conceptualization
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė, Aleksandras Patapas, Zilvinas Zidonis
    • Data curation
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė
    • Formal Analysis
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė, Aleksandras Patapas, Zilvinas Zidonis
    • Investigation
      Aiste Dirzyte
    • Methodology
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė, Aleksandras Patapas
    • Project administration
      Aiste Dirzyte, Zilvinas Zidonis
    • Resources
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė
    • Supervision
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė, Zilvinas Zidonis
    • Validation
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė, Aleksandras Patapas, Zilvinas Zidonis
    • Visualization
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė
    • Writing – original draft
      Aiste Dirzyte
    • Writing – review & editing
      Aiste Dirzyte, Kornelija Dovydaitytė, Aleksandras Patapas, Zilvinas Zidonis
    • Funding acquisition
      Aleksandras Patapas