Determinants of employee engagement and organizational citizenship behavior of nurses in public hospitals in Indonesia

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Organizational citizenship behavior describes employees’ voluntary behaviors that enhance organizational efficiency and productivity. The purpose of this paper is to examine the relationships between employee engagement, organizational justice, organizational citizenship behavior, and perceived organizational support. The population comprised employees from 11 public hospitals in Medan, North Sumatra, Indonesia. This quantitative analysis employed a Likert scale questionnaire to collect the data from nurses in public hospitals. The sample consisted of 175 nurses with at least one year of work experience. The data were then analyzed using SEM-PLS and SmartPLS 4.0. A substantial correlation was found between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05) and employee engagement (p < 0.05). A strong correlation existed between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05) and employee engagement (p < 0.05). Furthermore, employee engagement notably affects organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05). Employee engagement serves as a mediator between organizational justice and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05) and between perceived organizational support and organizational citizenship behavior (p < 0.05).

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    • Figure 1. Research framework
    • Table 1. List of type B public hospitals in Medan, Indonesia
    • Table 2. Construct reliability and validity
    • Table 3. Discriminant validity
    • Table 4. Hererotrait-monotrait ratio (HTMT)
    • Table 5. Fornell-Larcker criterion
    • Table 6. R-square
    • Table 7. Predictive relevance (Q2)
    • Table 8. Path coefficients
    • Table 9. Specific indirect effects
    • Conceptualization
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan
    • Data curation
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Salman Farisi
    • Formal Analysis
      Jufrizen, Salman Farisi, Muslih
    • Investigation
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Salman Farisi, Muslih
    • Methodology
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Salman Farisi
    • Supervision
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan
    • Validation
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Salman Farisi, Muslih
    • Visualization
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Salman Farisi, Muslih
    • Writing – original draft
      Jufrizen, Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Muslih
    • Writing – review & editing
      Jufrizen, Salman Farisi, Muslih
    • Project administration
      Jasman Saripuddin Hasibuan, Salman Farisi, Muslih