Relation between Organisational Citizenship Behavior, Workplace Spirituality and Job Performance in BFSI sector in India
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.17(1).2019.16
-
Article InfoVolume 17 2019, Issue #1, pp. 176-188
- Cited by
- 1630 Views
-
337 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Companies across the world are struggling to keep the employees engaged and retained to their work. Moreover, today’s workforce is increasingly seeking intrinsic benefits beyond the material rewards of a job. In this context, this study aims to assess the relationship between organizational citizenship behavior (OCB), workplace spirituality (WS) and job performance (JP) in a non-Western setting where primary quantitative research was conducted in an Indian setting. The sector under study was Banking, Finance, and Insurance Services (BFSI), given retention issues since the financial crisis of 2008. A statistically evaluated sample of 433 respondents was utilized to attain the findings. Results revealed a statistically significant positive relationship between OCB, WS and JP that was achieved through regression analysis. However, findings also showed that OCB is not a moderator between WS and JP. The gap in the research was addressed given the lack of studies determining the impact of OCB on individual job performance. Further, the impact was positively highlighted in the Indian context. The implications to the BFSI sector were made that required companies to promote a culture for voluntary work practices to enhance JP.
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)D23, J24, M10, M12
-
References51
-
Tables6
-
Figures1
-
- Figure 1. Conceptual framework of WS, OCB and IJP
-
- Table 1. ANOVA results of WS and OCB on JP
- Table 2. Model summary of the impact of WS and OCB on JP
- Table 3. Coefficients of OCB and WS as independent variables
- Table 4. ANOVA results of 2 models for the moderator role of organizational citizenship behavior
- Table 5. Coefficients of workplace spirituality, organizational citizenship behavior and interaction term
- Table 6. Model summary of moderator effect of organizational citizenship behavior
-
- Altaf, A., & Awan, M. A. (2011). Moderating effect of workplace spirituality on the relationship of job overload and job satisfaction. Journal of Business Ethics, 104(1), 93-99.
- Armario, E. M., Castro, C. B., Ruz, D. M. (2004). The influence of employee organisational citizenship behaviour on customer loyalty. International Journal of Service Industry Management, 15(1), 27-53.
- Bakhshi, A., Kumar, K., & Kumari, A. (2009). National culture and organisational citizenship behaviour: Development of a scale. Organisation Behaviour. New Delhi: Global Publishing House.
- Blau, P. M. (1964). Exchange and power in social life. New York, NY: J. Wiley.
- Briggs, S. R., & Cheek, J. M. (1986). The role of factor analysis in the development and evaluation of personality scales. Journal of Personality, 54(1), 106-148.
- Campbell, J. P. (1990). The role of theory in industrial and organisational psychology.
- Dunnette, & Hough, L. M. (Eds.). Handbook of Industrial and Organisational Psychology (pp. 39-73). Palo Alto, CA: Consulting Psychologists Press.
- Campbell, J. P., & Wiernik, B. M. (2015). The modelling and assessment of work performance. Annual Review of Organisational Psychology and Organisational Behaviour, 2(1), 47-74.
- Cash, K. C., & Gray, G. R. (2000). A framework for accommodating religion and spirituality in the workplace. Academy of Management Perspectives, 14(3), 124-134.
- Chattopadhyay, U., & Bhawsar, P. (2017). Effects of Changing Business Environment on Organisation Performance: The Case of HMT Watches Ltd. South Asian Journal of Business and Management Cases, 6(1), 36-46.
- Creswell, J. D. (2016). Mindfulness Interventions. Annual Review of Psychology, 68(1), 491-516.
- Csikszentmihalyi, M. (1990). Flow: The Psychology of Optimal Experience. New York, NY: Harper and Row.
- Dajani, M. A. Z. (2015). The impact of employee engagement on job performance and organisational commitment in the Egyptian banking sector. Journal of Business and Management Sciences, 3(5), 138-147.
- Deloitte (2014). Global Report. Deloitte Official Website.
- Duchon, D., & Plowman, D. A. (2005). Nurturing the spirit at work: Impact on work unit performance. The Leadership Quarterly, 16(5), 807-833.
- Farh, J. L., Earley, P. C., & Lin, S. C. (1997). Impetus for action: A cultural analysis of justice and organisational citizenship behaviour in Chinese society. Administrative Science Quarterly, 42(3), 421-444.
- Garg, N. (2017). Workplace spirituality and employee well-being: an empirical exploration. Journal of Human Values, 23(5), 129-147.
- Gelfand, M. J., Aycan, Z., Erez, M., & Leung, K. (2017). Cross-cultural industrial-organisational psychology and organisational behaviour: A hundred-year journey. Journal of Applied Psychology, 102(3), 514-529.
- Giacalone, R. A., & Jurkiewicz, C. L. (Eds.). (2003). Toward a science of workplace spirituality. In The handbook of workplace spirituality and organisational performance (pp. 3-28). Armonk, ME: Sharpe.
- Guillory, W. A. (2000). The living organisation: spirituality in the workplace. Innovations International Inc. Salt Lake City: UT.
- Gull, G. J. A., & Doh, J. (2004). The “Transmutation” of the Organisation: Toward a More Spiritual Workplace. Journal of Management Inquiry, 13(2), 128-139.
- Gupta, M., Kumar, V., & Singh, M. (2014). Creating satisfied employees through workplace spirituality: A study of the private insurance sector in Punjab (India). Journal of Business Ethics, 122(1), 79-88.
- Gupta, V., & Singh, S. (2012). Empirical evaluation of the dimensionality of organisational citizenship behaviour for Indian business context. Psychological Studies, 57(4), 392-403.
- Karakas, F. (2010). Spirituality and performance in organisations: a literature review. Journal of Business Ethics, 94(1), 89-106.
- Kim, H., Sefcik, J., & Bradway, C. (2016). Characteristics of Qualitative Descriptive Studies: A Systematic Review. Research in Nursing & Health, 40(1), 23-42.
- Krishnakumar, S., & Neck, C. P. (2002). The “what”, “why” and “how” of spirituality in the workplace. Journal of Managerial Psychology, 17(3), 153-164.
- Lips-Wiersma, M., & Mills, A. J. (2014). Understanding the basic assumptions about human nature in workplace spirituality: Beyond the critical versus positive divide. Journal of Management Inquiry, 23(2), 148-161.
- Lyubomirsky, S., Sheldon, K. M., & Schkade, D. (2005). Pursuing happiness: The architecture of sustainable change. Review of General Psychology, 9(2), 111-131.
- Moore, T. W., & Casper, W. J. (2006). An examination of proxy measures of workplace spirituality: A profile model of multidimensional constructs. Journal of Leadership & Organisational Studies, 12(4), 109-118.
- Mumtaz, S. (2017). A systematic review of the framework of workplace spirituality: Current theoretical perspectives and changing trends. Asian Management Research Journal, 2(3), 143-167.
- Organ, D. (1988). Issues in organisation and management series. Organisational citizenship behaviour: The good soldier syndrome. Lexington, MA, England: Lexington Books.
- Organ, D. (2005). Organisational Citizenship Behaviour: Recent Trends and Developments. Annual Review of Organisational Psychology and Organisational Behaviour, 5, 295-306.
- Pandey, A., Gupta, R. K., & Kumar, P. (2016). Spiritual climate and its impact on learning in teams in business organisations. Global Business Review, 17(3), 159-172.
- Pardasani, R., R. Sharma, R., & Bindlish, P. (2014). Facilitating workplace spirituality: Lessons from Indian spiritual traditions. Journal of Management Development, 33(8/9), 847-859.
- Pawar, B. S. (2013). A proposed model of organisational behaviour aspects for employee performance and well-being. Applied Research in Quality of Life, 8(3), 339-359.
- Pawar, B. S. (2016). Workplace spirituality and employee well-being: An empirical examination. Employee Relations, 38(6), 975-994.
- Petchsawang, P., & McLean, G. N. (2017). Workplace spirituality, mindfulness meditation, and work engagement. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 14(3), 216-244.
- Petchsawanga, P., & Duchon, D. (2009). Measuring workplace spirituality in an Asian context. Management Department Faculty Publications, 12(4), 459-468.
- Pratt, M. G., & Ashforth, B. E. (2003). Fostering meaningfulness in working and at work. In K. Cameron, J. E. Dutton & R. E. Quinn (Eds.), Positive organisational scholarship: Foundations of a new discipline (pp. 308-327). San Francisco, CA: Berrett- Koehler.
- Rastgar, A. A., Zarei, A., Davoudi, S. M. M., & Fartash, K. (2012). The link between workplace spirituality, organisational citizenship behaviour and job performance in Iran. ArthPrabhand: A Journal of Economics and Management, 1(6), 51-67.
- Rego, A., & Pina e Cunha, M. (2008). Workplace spirituality and organisational commitment: an empirical study. Journal of Organisational Change Management, 21(1), 53-75.
- Saks, A. M. (2011). Workplace spirituality and employee engagement. Journal of Management, Spirituality & Religion, 8(4), 317-340.
- Shanker, M. (2016). Organisational Citizenship Behavior and Organisational Commitment in Indian Workforce. Journal of Psychosocial Research, 11(2), 397-408.
- Sheng, C. W., & Chen, M. C. (2012). Workplace spirituality scale design-The view of oriental culture. Business and Management Research, 1(4), 46.
- Subramaniam, M., & Panchanatham, N. (2013). A Study of Spirituality in a Public Sector Bank in India. International Journal of Advances in Management and Economics, 2(4), 102-113.
- Thompson, C. M. (2000). The congruent life: Following the inward path to fulfilling work and inspired leadership. San Francisco, CA: Jossey-Bass.
- Twill, S., & Buckheister, N. (2009). A Descriptive Research Study of Economic Human Rights Violations in America. Journal of Poverty, 13(4), 365-383.
- Vaijayanthi, P., Shreenivasan, K. A., & Roy, R. (2014). Deducting the organisational citizenship behaviour dimensions and its antecedent (job satisfaction) in the Indian context. Research Journal of Applied Sciences, Engineering, and Technology, 7(10), 1953-1960.
- Vallabh, P., & Singhal, M. (2014). Workplace spirituality facilitation: A person – organisation fit approach. Journal of Human Values, 20(2), 193-207.
- Van der Walt, F., & de Klerk, J. J. (2014). Workplace spirituality and job satisfaction. International Review of Psychiatry, 26(3), 379-389.
- Veličkovska, I. (2017). Organisational Citizenship Behaviour-Definition, Determinants and effects. Engineering Management, 3(1), 40-51.