Factors affecting tour operator effectiveness in South Thailand

  • 519 Views
  • 227 Downloads

Creative Commons License
This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

This paper aims to examine the effect of competitive advantage, business innovation, corporate social responsibility, social media, business adaptation, and human capital management on the effectiveness of tour operators in South Thailand. This quantitative study used a questionnaire as a research tool. Five hundred owners/executives of tour operators in South Thailand were asked to fill in the questionnaire during the survey; however, only 470 questionnaires were accepted for further data analysis. Structural equation modeling (SEM) was used to examine the data and hypotheses.
According to the empirical results, competitive advantage, social media, business adaptation, and human capital management significantly, positively, and directly affect effectiveness. Moreover, business innovation and corporate social responsibility have a significant, positive, but indirect effect on effectiveness through competitive advantage. Whereas business innovation and corporate social responsibility have an insignificant, negative, and direct effect on effectiveness. Human capital management also has a direct effect on effectiveness through business innovation. This shows that competitive advantage, social media, business adaptation, and human capital management are, respectively, the factors that could directly increase the tour operator’s effectiveness. In contrast, innovation and corporate social responsibility do not directly promote effectiveness. However, these results cannot be generalized, as they may be different if conducting the research in other regions of Thailand.

view full abstract hide full abstract
    • Figure 1. Conceptual model
    • Table 1. Research measurement constructs
    • Table 2. Measurement model
    • Table 3. Confirmatory factor analysis
    • Table 4. SEM results for testing the hypotheses
    • Conceptualization
      Nutsana Na Phayap
    • Data curation
      Nutsana Na Phayap, Wiwat Jankingthong
    • Funding acquisition
      Nutsana Na Phayap, Wiwat Jankingthong, Siriluck Thongpoon, Chutima Wangbenmad
    • Methodology
      Nutsana Na Phayap, Wiwat Jankingthong, Siriluck Thongpoon, Chutima Wangbenmad
    • Software
      Nutsana Na Phayap, Wiwat Jankingthong
    • Supervision
      Nutsana Na Phayap
    • Writing – original draft
      Nutsana Na Phayap, Wiwat Jankingthong, Siriluck Thongpoon, Chutima Wangbenmad
    • Writing – review & editing
      Nutsana Na Phayap
    • Investigation
      Wiwat Jankingthong
    • Formal Analysis
      Siriluck Thongpoon, Chutima Wangbenmad
    • Project administration
      Siriluck Thongpoon, Chutima Wangbenmad
    • Resources
      Siriluck Thongpoon, Chutima Wangbenmad