Consumer experiences and values in Brazilian Northeast shopping centers
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.17(3).2021.01
-
Article InfoVolume 17 2021, Issue #3, pp. 1-16
- Cited by
- 842 Views
-
271 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
This study aims to expand the knowledge on consumer experiences and values from an innovative marketing perspective in the context of shopping centers of inland towns in the Brazilian Northeast region. A qualitative approach was adopted using 50 in-depth interviews of shopping center visitors to collect data. Interpretative Phenomenological Analysis was used to evaluate the data. The results revealed two main categories: unpleasant and pleasant experiences. In terms of main results, 23 participants have a mix of pleasant and unpleasant experiences, while 24 report only pleasant, and 3 – unpleasant experiences. The unpleasant experiences are mostly related to the excess of people (n = 19). In what refers to pleasant experiences, functionality (n = 43), and sensory (n = 33) are the two most mentioned values, being functionality the top value to consumers regardless the purpose they have in going to the Shopping Centre. The results can be relevant inputs to design and manage Shopping Centers regarding cultural adjustment by considering consumers’ experiences and values and the importance of joining competing values behind pleasant and unpleasant experiences. The study contributes to the experiential marketing literature by highlighting the importance of cultural contexts in consumer experiences and behavior research.
Acknowledgment
Maria Raquel Lucas and Andreia Dionísio are pleased to acknowledge financial support from Fundação para a Ciência e a Tecnologia (grant UIDB/04007/2020).
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)M31, M39
-
References79
-
Tables6
-
Figures1
-
- Figure 1. Research design
-
- Table 1. Subcategories of Unpleasant Experience
- Table 2. Subcategories of Pleasant Experience
- Table 3. Pleasant and unpleasant experiences in each interview (number of words)
- Table 4. Purpose of Shopping Centre visit and positive or negative experiences (number of participants)
- Table 5. Hierarchy of customers’ perceived values and objectives of going to the SC (number of participants)
- Table 6. Frequency and values (number of participants)
-
- Abdalla, C. C., & Brito, E. P. (2016). Pesquisas de Gênero em Consumer Culture Theory: Classificação sobre um Olhar Pós-Estruturalista. 12º Congresso Latino-Americano de Varejo e Consumo: Transformação Digital no Varejo.
- Afseth, J., Kokkonen, M., & dos Santos, N. R. (2016). Intercultural Management. In H. Zuzana, M.-S., Gerri, & H. Paivi (Eds.), Developing cross-cultural competencies in health and social care management: Learning from research and experience of five EU universities, 99-113.
- Agnihotri, A., & Bhattacharya, S. (2019). Unethical consumer behavior: the role of institutional and socio-cultural factors. Journal of Consumer Marketing, 36(1), 124-135.
- Amatuzzi, M. M. (1996). Apontamentos acerca da pesquisa fenomenológica. Estudos de psicologia, 13(1), 5-10.
- Amatuzzi, M. M. (2001). Pesquisa fenomenológica em psicologia. In M. A. T. Bruns, & A. F. Holanda (Eds.), Psicologia e pesquisa fenomenológica: reflexões e perspectivas, SC: Omega, Florianópolis, 15-22.
- Andrade, D. M., Oliveira, J. L. R., & Antonialli, L. M. (2004). O perfil de clientes de um shopping center: um estudo exploratório com consumidores do interior. Organizações Rurais and Agroindustriais, 6(2).
- Arnould, E. J., & Thompson, C. J. (2005). Consumer Culture Theory (CCT): Twenty Years of Research. Journal of Consumer Research, 31(4), 868-882.
- Arnould, E. J., & Thompson, C. J. (Eds) (2018). Consumer Culture Theory. SAGE Publications, India.
- Askegaard, S., Gertsen, M. & Langer, R. (2002). The Body Consumed: Reflexivity and Cosmetic Surgery. Psychology and Marketing, 19(10), 793-812.
- Askegaard, S., & Linnet, J. T. (2011). Towards an epistemology of consumer culture theory: Phenomenology and the context of context. Marketing Theory, 11(4), 381-404.
- Associação Brasileira de Shopping Centers. (2017). Publicações ABRASCE.
- Associação Brasileira de Shopping Centers. (2018). Publicações de Pesquisa ABRASCE.
- Babin, B. J., Darden, W. R., & Griffin, M. (1994). Work and/or fun: measuring hedonic and utilitarian shopping value. Journal of consumer research, 20(4), 644-656.
- Baldin, N., & Munhoz, E. M. B. (2011). Snowball (bola de neve): uma técnica metodológica para pesquisa em educação ambiental comunitária. In X Congresso Nacional de Educação. I Seminário Internacional de Representações Sociais, Subjetividade e Educação. Curitiba, PR: Anais, 329-341.
- Bascur, C., & Rusu, C. (2020). Customer Experience in Retail: A Systematic Literature Review. Applied Sciences, 10(21), 7644.
- Cardoso, P. R., & Pinto, S. C. (2010). Hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations among Portuguese young adult consumers. International Journal of Retail & Distribution Management, 38(7), 538-558.
- Carvalho, L. F. C., & Vergara, S. C. (2002). A fenomenologia e a pesquisa dos espaços de serviços. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 42(3), 1-14.
- Casotti, L. (1999). O que é a pesquisa do consumidor? Reflexões geradas a partir de um problema prático. In Encontro Nacional da Associação Nacional dos Programas de Pós-Graduação em Administração – ANPAD, 142-157.
- Casotti, L. M., & Suarez, M. C. (2016). Dez anos de consumer culture theory: delimitações e aberturas. Revista de Administração de Empresas, 56(3), 353-359.
- Chandler, J. D., & Lusch, R. F. (2015). Service Systems: A Broadened Framework and Research Agenda on Value Propositions, Engagement, and Service Experience. Journal of Service Research, 18(1), 6-22.
- Chang, A., & Hung, K. (2021). Development and validation of a tourist experience scale for cultural and creative industries parks. Journal of Destination Marketing & Management, 20, 100560.
- Creswell, J. W. (1998). Qualitative inquiry and research design: Choosing among five traditions. London: Sage Publications.
- Dabholkar, P. A. (2006). Factors influencing consumer choice of a rating Web site: An experimental investigation of an online interactive decision aid. Journal of Marketing Theory and Practice, 14(4), 259-273.
- Debek, M. (2015). What Drives Shopping Mall Attractiveness? Polish Journal of Applied Psychology, 13(1), 67-118.
- Dodds, W. B., Monroe, K. B., & Grewal, D. (1991). Effects of price, brand, and store information on buyers’ product evaluations. Journal of Marketing Research, 28(3), 307-319.
- El-Adly, M. I., & Eid, R. (2015). Measuring the perceived value of malls in a non-western context: the case of the UAE. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 43(9), 849-869.
- El-Adly, M. I., & Eid, R. (2017). Dimensions of the perceived value of malls: Muslim shoppers’ perspective. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 45(1), 40-56.
- Fantoni, R., Hoefel, F., & Mazzarolo, M. (2014). The future of the shopping mall. McKinsey and Company.
- Farrag, D. A., El Sayed, I. M., & Belk, R. W. (2010). Mall shopping motives and activities: a multimethod approach. Journal of International Consumer Marketing, 22(2), 95-115.
- Ferreira, M. S., & Canen, A. G. (2011). A Influência da Diversidade Cultural Brasileira na Gestão de uma Rede Associativista de Supermercados. In VIII Simpósio de Excelência em Gestão em Tecnologia (pp. 1-16).
- Foroudi, P., Hafeez, K., & Foroudi, M. (2017). Evaluating the impact of corporate logos towards corporate reputation: A case of Persia and Mexico. Qualitative Market Research, 20(2), 158-180.
- Gallarza, M. G., Gil-Saura, I., & Holbrook, M. B. (2011). The value of value: Further excursions on the meaning and role of customer value. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 10(4), 179-191.
- Gijsenberg, M. J., Van Heerde, H. J., & Verhoef, P. C. (2015). Losses Loom Longer Than Gains: Modeling the Impact of Service Crises on Perceived Service Quality over Time. Journal of Marketing Research, 52(5), 642-656.
- Gilboa, S. and Vilnai-Yavetz, I. (2013). Shop until you drop? An exploratory analysis of mall experiences. European Journal of Marketing, 47 (1/2), pp. 239-259.
- Gilboa, S., Vilnai-Yavetz, I., & Chebat, J. -C. (2016). Capturing the multiple facets of mall experience: developing and validating a scale. Journal of Consumer Behaviour, 15(1), 48-59.
- Giorgi, A. (Ed.). (1985). Sketch of a psychological phenomenological method. In Phenomenology and psychological research, 8-22, Duquesne University Press, Pittsburgh, PA.
- Gummerus, J. (2013). Value creation processes and value outcomes in marketing theory: strangers or siblings? Marketing Theory, 13(1), 19-46.
- Hofstede, G., Hofstede, G. J., & Minkov, M. (2010). Cultures and Organizations: Software of the Mind (3rd Ed.). McGraw-Hill, New York.
- Holanda, A. (2006). Questões sobre pesquisa qualitativa e pesquisa fenomenológica. Análise psicológica, 24(3), 363-372.
- Holbrook, M. B., & Hirschman, E. C. (1982). The experiential aspects of consumption: Consumer fantasies, feelings, and fun. Journal of Consumer Research, 9(2), 132-140.
- Holbrook, M., (2006). The consumption experience – something new, something old, something borrowed, something sold: Part 1. Journal of Macromarketing, 26(2), 259- 266.
- Khare, A. (2011). Influence of hedonic and utilitarian values in determining attitude towards malls: A case of Indian small city consumers. Journal of Retail and Leisure Property, 9(5), 429-442.
- Kim, A. J., & Ko, E. (2012). Do social media marketing activities enhance customer equity? An empirical study of luxury fashion brand. Journal of Business Research, 65(10), 1480-1486.
- Kotler, P., & Keller, K. L. (2006). Marketing Management. Upper Saddle River, NJ: Prentice Hall.
- Kuruvilla, S.J., & Joshi, N. (2010). Influence of Demographics, Psychographics, Shopping Orientation, Mall Shopping Attitude and Purchase Patterns on Mall Patronage in India. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 7(3), 1-11.
- Kuruvilla, S. J., Joshi, N., & Shah, N. (2009). Do Men and Women Really Shop Differently? An Exploration of Gender Differences in Mall Shopping in India. International Journal of Consumer Studies, 33(6), 715-723.
- Lemke, F., Clark, M., & Wilson, H. (2011). Customer experience quality: an exploration in business and consumer contexts using repertory grid technique. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 39(6), 846-869.
- Lemon, K. N., & Verhoef, P. C. (2016). Understanding Customer Experience Throughout the Customer Journey. Journal of Marketing, 80(6), 69-96.
- Lin, J. -S., C., & Liang, H. -Y. (2011). The influence of service environments on customer emotion and service outcomes. Managing Service Quality: An International Journal, 21(4), 350-372.
- Lucia-Palacios, L., Pérez-López, R., & Polo-Redondo, Y. (2016). Cognitive, affective and behavioural responses in mall experience: A qualitative approach. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 44(1), 4-21.
- Mathwick, C., Malhotra, N. K., & Rigdon, E. (2002). The effect of dynamic retail experiences on experiential perceptions of value: an internet and catalog comparison. Journal of Retailing, 78(1), 51-60.
- Medberg, G., & Heinonen, K. (2014). Invisible value formation: a netnography in retail banking. International Journal of Bank Marketing, 32(6), 590-607.
- Milan, G. S., Gasparin, F. M., & Deonir, T. (2013). A configuração da imagem de um shopping center na percepção de consumidores locais. Revista Eletrônica de Administração, 74(1), 83-114.
- Moustakas, C. (1994). Phenomenological research methods. London: Sage Publications.
- Nielsen, N. (2014). Ac. Retailer Services.
- Payne, A., & Holt, S. (2001). Diagnosing customer value: integrating the value process and relationship marketing. British Journal of Management, 12(2), 159-182.
- Pinto, M. R., & Lara, J. E. (2011). As experiências de consumo na perspectiva da teoria da cultura do consumo: identificando possíveis interlocuções e propondo uma agenda de pesquisa. Cadernos EBAPE.BR, 9(1), 37-56.
- Polkinghorne, D. E. (1989). Phenomenological research methods. In R. S. Valle & S. Halling (Eds.), Existential-phenomenological perspectives in psychology (pp. 41-60). New York: Plenum Press.
- Prahalad, C. K., & Ramaswamy, V. (2003). The new frontier of experience innovation, MIT Sloan Management Review, 44(4), 12-18.
- Prus, R. (1991). Just Browsing, Thanks: Focused and Diffuse Shopping Practices. In The American Marketing Winter Educators’ Conference, American Marketing Association (pp. 296-302). Chicago: IL.
- Pullman, M. E., & Gross, M. A. (2003). Welcome to your experience: Where you can check out anytime you’d like, but you can never leave. Journal of Business and Management, 9(3), 215-232.
- Ribeiro Cardoso, P., & Carvalho Pinto, S. (2010). Hedonic and utilitarian shopping motivations among Portuguese young adult consumers. International Journal of Retail and Distribution Management, 38(7), 538-558.
- Schiffman, L. G., & Kanuk, L. L. (2000). Consumer Behavior (7th ed.). Prentice-Hall, Upper, Saddle River, NJ.
- Schmitt, B. H. (2000). Experiential marketing: How to get customers to sense, feel, think, act, relate. New York: Simon and Schuster.
- Schmitt, B. (2003). Customer Experience Management: A Revolutionary Approach to Connecting with Your Customer New York: John Wiley and Sons.
- Schmitt, B. (2009). Customer Experience Management. In M. Bruhn, F.R. Esch, & T. Langner (Eds.), Handbuch Kommunikation. Gabler.
- Sheth, J. N., & Uslay, C. (2007). Implications of the revised definition of marketing: from exchange to value creation. Journal of Public Policy and Marketing, 26(2), 302-307.
- Silva, J. B., & Gonçalves, T. E. (2012). Urbanização e produção da cidade: Shoppings Centers na dinâmica de novas centralidades em Fortaleza-CE. Geosul, 27(53), 63-88.
- Slongo, L. A., & Meira, P. R. (1998). De templo de consumo a templo de lazer: O shopping center como provedor de lazer e entretenimento a seus clientes. In XXII Encontro da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa Em Administração – ENANPAD, 1-15.
- Smith, J. A., & Osborn, M. (2007). Pain as an assault on the self: An interpretative phenomenological analysis of the psychological impact of chronic benign low back pain. Psychology and Health, 22(5), 517-534.
- Smith, J., Flowers, P., & Larkin, M. (2009). Interpretative Phoneomological Analysis: Theory, Method and Research. London: Sage Publications.
- Strehlau, V. I., Claro, D. P., & Neto, S. A. L. (2010). Espelho, espelho meu, existe alguém mais vaidosa do que eu? A vaidade feminina e sua influência na autoestima e no consumo de procedimentos estéticos. In Anais do Encontro de Marketing da Associação Nacional de Pós-Graduação e Pesquisa em Administração, 1-16.
- Thompson, C. L., Locander, W. B., & Pollio, H. R (1989). Putting consumer experience back into consumer research: the philosophy and method of existential phenomenology. Journal of Consumer Research, 16(2), 133-146.
- Trevinal, A. M., & Stenger, T. (2014). Toward a conceptualization of the online shopping experience. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 21(3), 314-326.
- Verhoef, P. C., Lemon, K. N., Parasuraman, A., Roggeveen, A., Tsiros, M., & Schlesinger, L. A. (2009). Customer experience creation: Determinants, dynamics and management strategies. Journal of Retailing, 85(1), 31-41.
- Wilk, V., Soutar, G. N., & Harrigan, P. (2019). Tackling social media data analysis: Comparing and contrasting QSR NVivo and Leximancer. Qualitative Market Research, 22(2), 94-113.
- Wolf, K. L. (2003). Freeway roadside management: The urban forest beyond the white line. Journal of Arboriculture, 29(3), 127-136.
- Woodruff, R. B. (1997). Customer value: the next source for competitive advantage. Journal of the Academy of Marketing Science, 25(2), 140-153.
- Yuan, Y.-H. E., & Wu, C. K. (2008). Relationships Among Experiential Marketing, Experiential Value and Customer Satisfaction. Journal of Hospitality and Tourism Research, 32(3), 387-410.