Bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets: Bibliometric analysis

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Bank capital management plays a crucial role in guaranteeing financial stability, particularly in emerging and frontier markets, where economic volatility, regulatory constraints, and financial market underdevelopment present significant challenges. This study aims to conduct a bibliometric analysis to explore investigation trends, emerging themes, and regional disparities in bank capital management. The research methodology includes a systematic review of 1,031 relevant documents from the Scopus database, analyzed using VOSviewer and Biblioshiny to visualize and assess the evolution of academic discourse. The findings reveal that research on bank capital management has grown significantly since the 1980s, with a mean annual growth rate of 26.2%, particularly following financial crises. Most publications originate from the USA, UK, India, China, and Australia, with key contributions from institutions like the IMF and the World Bank. Thematic analysis shows a shift from broad economic and financial studies towards specialized topics like digital banking, fintech, and capital structure adjustments. Co-authorship and citation analysis highlight strong academic collaboration, particularly within Southeast Asia and Anglo-American networks. Despite the growth in literature, significant research gaps persist. There is a lack of comprehensive studies on African and Latin American banking systems, with a predominant focus on Asian emerging markets. While risk management and regulatory compliance remain central themes, empirical research on capital structure adjustment, particularly the speed at which banks adapt to Basel III requirements, remains fragmented. Additionally, climate-related financial risks and sustainable finance are underexplored areas despite their growing importance in global banking stability.

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    • Figure 1. Dynamic range of documents on the topic of bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets
    • Figure 2. Published documents on the topic of bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets
    • Figure 3. Top 20 countries/territories, undefined and others ones, affiliated with more than 22 documents on the topic of bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets, based on the Scopus sample
    • Figure 4. Clustering published papers focusing on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets by country or territory
    • Figure 5. Top researchers who have four or more published investigations focusing on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets
    • Figure 6. Co-citations of researchers who focus on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets in their papers
    • Figure 7. Map of keyword occurrence in research on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets
    • Figure 8. Advancement of the sub-topics in research focusing on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets
    • Figure 9. Mapping of subtopics in investigations focusing on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets in coordinates of relevance degree and development degree
    • Table 1. Steps of the literature search and selection process
    • Table 2. Number of published documents on the topic of bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets according to the Scopus database by institution of author affiliation
    • Table 3. Top 10 most cited documents on bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets
    • Table 4. Top 10 journals published articles on issues of bank capital management in emerging and frontier markets, according to the Scopus database
    • Conceptualization
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova, Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Formal Analysis
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova
    • Funding acquisition
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova, Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Investigation
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova, Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Methodology
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova
    • Project administration
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova
    • Supervision
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova
    • Validation
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova, Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Writing – original draft
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova, Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Writing – review & editing
      Nigar Ashurbayli-Huseynova
    • Data curation
      Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Resources
      Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Software
      Yevgeniya Garmidarova
    • Visualization
      Yevgeniya Garmidarova