Lanh Cao Dinh

Risk control and management are essential tasks necessary to ensure the safe and sustainable development of commercial banks, especially in today’s digital business environment. This study aims to identify the factors and their impact on risk control and management through intermediary variables, including law enforcement, corporate governance, and digital transformation, using the partial least square – structural equation modeling. Data for the study were collected through interviews assessing the perceptions of 765 managers in 35 Vietnamese commercial banks. The results indicate that factors directly affecting law enforcement include digital transformation, awareness of risks related to new technologies, training in law and technological knowledge, employee capabilities, monitoring and inspection procedures, size and complexity of bank operations, and corporate governance. However, only law enforcement and corporate governance have an indirect intermediary impact on risk control and management (digital transformation did not show a statistically significant impact). These findings highlight that, according to managerial perceptions in commercial banks, current digital transformations have not significantly influenced risk control and management, emphasizing the need for further enhancement in this area moving forward. This study makes a positive contribution to the development of models and measurement systems, laying the foundation for similar experimental research in the field of commercial banking in various countries in the future.

Acknowledgment
This study is the result of collaboration between a group of scientists from the Faculty of Law – Hue University and Duy Tan University. The authors would like to acknowledge the support and facilitation provided by both institutions for the publication of this research. Furthermore, this work is conducted within the framework of project code B2023-ĐHH-03 under decision No. 2036/QĐ-BGDĐT dated July 22, 2022.

Digital financial services are crucial in boosting the competitive edge of businesses and economies in numerous developing nations. This study aims to explore the factors that affect consumers’ perceptions of the implementation of consumer protection laws and their willingness to continue using digital financial services. Data were collected through interviews with 689 Gen Z consumers (born after 1996) who have used digital financial services in Vietnamese commercial banks. The results of the partial least square – structural equation modeling indicate that six factors influence attitudes toward the enforcement of consumer protection laws, in descending order: perceived benefits, understanding of legal regulations, perceived asymmetry, perceived risk, understanding of technology and digital finance, and understanding of dispute resolution. Additionally, attitudes toward law enforcement, as well as understanding of technology and digital finance, positively impact consumers’ intention to reuse digital financial services, while perceived risk has the opposite effect. Furthermore, all six independent factors impact the intention to reuse digital financial services through the mediating role of attitudes toward the enforcement of consumer protection laws. The study’s findings also lay the groundwork for policy recommendations for legislative authorities and strategic guidance for service providers and consumers in emerging markets in the future.

Acknowledgment
This study is the result of collaboration between researchers from the University of Law, Hue University, and School of Business and Economics, Duy Tan University. The authors would like to thank both institutions for their support and facilitation in the publication of this research. This study was conducted under project code DHH2024-12-85, Decision No. 298/QĐ-ĐHH dated March 27, 2024, issued by the Director of Hue University.

The objective of this study is to explore the factors that contribute to disputes in contract farming and to understand the motivations behind selecting a dispute resolution method. Data for this study were obtained through in-depth interviews and group discussions with 15 lawyers, as well as surveys conducted among 525 respondents, comprising 323 farmers and 202 agribusiness representatives in the Central Coast region of Vietnam. The results of the partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) indicate that all research hypotheses are supported. The factors influencing the occurrence of disputes in contract farming agreements, ranked in ascending order of impact, are contract content, social influence, price volatility, risk perception, environmental uncertainty, and legal understanding. Additionally, these factors indirectly affect the intention to resolve disputes through courts, commercial arbitration, and mediation via the mediating role of contract farming disputes. Furthermore, the study reveals that when contract farming disputes arise, the preferred order of dispute resolution methods is courts, followed by commercial arbitration, and finally, mediation. This empirical analysis also provides evidence of significant differences in perceptions between two groups – farmers and agribusiness enterprises – regarding the intention to resolve disputes through courts and the impact of environmental uncertainty on contract farming disputes. The findings enrich empirical research on contract farming dispute resolution in emerging countries with conditions similar to those of Vietnam.

Acknowledgment
This study is the result of collaboration between a group of scientists from the University of Law, Hue University, and School of Business and Economics, Duy Tan University. The authors would like to acknowledge the support and facilitation provided by both institutions for the publication of this research.