Arief Helmi

The risk of virus contracting during the COVID-19 pandemic has changed consumer preference for online shopping to meet their daily needs than shopping in brick-and-mortar stores. Online shopping presents a different environment, atmosphere, and experience. The possibility of ethical violations is higher during online than face-to-face transactions. Therefore, this study was conducted to investigate the influence of perceived health risk and customer perception of online retail ethics on consumer online shopping behavior during the COVID-19 pandemic, involving seven variables, namely perceived health risk, security, privacy, non-deception, reliability fulfillment, service recovery, and online shopping behavior. The data were collected through an online survey by employing the purposive sampling technique to a consumer who has shopped online during the COVID-19 pandemic in Indonesia. 315 valid responses were obtained and analyzed through quantitative method using SEM-Amos. The results showed that perceived health risk and four variables of online retail ethics including security, privacy, reliability fulfillment, and service recovery affected online shopping behavior. Meanwhile, non-deception was found to have an insignificant effect. The coefficient value proved perceived health risk to be more dominant in influencing online shopping behavior than the variables of online retail ethics. Thus, consumers pay more concern for their health during online shopping. However, positive consumer perceptions of the behavior of online retail websites in providing services also can encourage consumers to shop online during this pandemic.

This study aims to determine the influence of in-store promotion in the form of price discount and price package on customer value and purchase intention. The research sample was 120 consumers purchasing the private label products in modern stores using a purposive sampling technique. The data were then analyzed using SEM PLS. The result revealed that all hypotheses were accepted and each variable studied showed a strong and significant influence on each other, especially in terms of its influence on the purchase intention. In-store promotion is a more influencing variable of purchase intention in private label products than customer value. The result also pointed out the three most dominant items forming in-store promotion, customer value, and purchase intention. Those items are the frequency of discount program, the products’ quality, and the reference group that helps the company promoting private label products, usually friends’ recommendation. These findings are expected to be used by decision-makers in retail businesses to formulate in-store promotional activities and create customer value following the target market to increase consumers’ willingness to buy private label products.

Acknowledgment
The authors would like to express their gratitude to the Doctoral Dissertation Research Grant Program of the Ministry of Research, Technology, and Higher Education for funding this research. The authors highly appreciate the assistance, suggestions, and inputs from both editors and reviewers of this article.

The purpose of this study is to analyze Indonesian consumer hedonic values, extraversion, and online impulse buying, as well as to examine the influence of consumer hedonic values and extraversion personality on impulsive online buying. This study uses a quantitative research method that employs descriptive and associative tools. The primary data were gathered through social media surveys of Indonesian consumers who buy goods through e-commerce. Of the 440 respondents who received questionnaires, only 400 completed them accurately. According to the survey, at least 75% of respondents shop online regularly. The study’s findings describe three types of Indonesian online consumers: those with hedonic values, those with reasonably high extrovert personalities, and those prone to online impulse buying. Path analysis results indicate that both hedonic value and extraversion have a significant influence on online impulse buying. Hedonic consumers enjoy online shopping, and as a result, they discover items they had not previously considered purchasing without careful consideration. On the other hand, extroverted consumers who are outgoing, passionate, and pleasant in social situations are more likely to be interested in impulsive online buying. These results provide online business owners with necessary guidance by demonstrating the importance of developing a website that is not only informative but also visually appealing and engaging to trigger impulse buying.

Acknowledgment
This study was supported by a research grant from Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.

Millennials and Generation X (Gen-X) are the fastest-growing market segment in Indonesia. The study aims to discover the salient values of those generations and to investigate their value differences. Data were obtained via questionnaires from 200 respondents of each generation. The questionnaires measure the importance of the values of each generation, consisting of nine values from the List of Values established by Kahle (1986), namely Sense of belonging, Excitement, Being well respected, Fun and enjoyment, Security, Self-fulfillment, Self-respect, Warm relationships with others, and Sense of accomplishment. This study employed factor analysis to identify sets of values representing their underlying values. This method resulted in three inherent values of Gen X and two of Millenials. Gen X shows the importance of Achievement, Family enjoyment, and Social relationship. Meanwhile, the Millennials are conspicuous by the values of Social recognition and Self-pleasing. Companies that choose Gen X as their target market can use their above-mentioned values to be expressed in their marketing strategies. Meanwhile, those who choose Millennials may use the two inherent values of this generation. This study fills a research gap on the characters of the emerging young generation segments in the country that can be adopted to generate market segment characters in the country.

Acknowledgment
This work was funded by a research grant from the Universitas Padjadjaran, Indonesia.