Mediating role of employee empowerment for transformational leadership and job satisfaction

  • Received June 7, 2022;
    Accepted January 10, 2023;
    Published January 25, 2023
  • Author(s)
  • DOI
    http://dx.doi.org/10.21511/ppm.21(1).2023.06
  • Article Info
    Volume 21 2023, Issue #1, pp. 59-68
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This work is licensed under a Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License

The study aimed to investigate the relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction. In addition, it analyzes whether employee empowerment mediates the mentioned relationship. Data were collected from 228 employees of pharmaceutical companies in Jordan (Al Hayat Pharmaceutical Industries, Al Hikma Pharmaceutical Company, and Jordan Swedish Medical Products). The study employed SPSS for data analysis and hypotheses testing. The findings reveal a statistically significant impact of transformational leadership on job satisfaction, empowerment on job satisfaction, transformational leadership on empowerment, and transformational leadership on job satisfaction through empowerment in Jordanian pharmaceutical firms. Furthermore, the results showed that the beta value represents the relative importance, where the intellectual stimulation factor reached the highest level in the size of the impact on the dependent variable, and its value was 0.37 of the total impact. In contrast, inspirational stimulation was the second factor, then the idealized influence factor with 0.30, while the smallest impact size was shown by the dimension of individualized consideration with approximately 0.151. This result indicates the leader’s weak interest and respect for subordinates. The study recommended adopting transformational leadership, supporting employees by empowering them, and conducting more studies on transformational leadership and empowerment in the future.

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    • Figure 1. Conceptual model
    • Table 1. Cronbach’s alpha values
    • Table 2. Variation and variance amplification factor test
    • Table 3. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and job satisfaction
    • Table 4. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and fairness of pay and promotion
    • Table 5. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and internal work environment
    • Table 6. Relationship between transformational leadership dimensions and empowerment
    • Table 7. Relationship between empowerment and job satisfaction
    • Table 8. Relationship between empowerment and fairness of pay and promotion
    • Table 9. Relationship between empowerment and internal work environment
    • Table 10. Relationship between empowerment and achievements
    • Table 11. Regression analysis for the transformational leadership dimensions and empowerment
    • Table 12. Relationship between transformational leadership and job satisfaction through empowerment
    • Conceptualization
      Farooq Al Draj, Rashad Al Saed
    • Formal Analysis
      Farooq Al Draj, Rashad Al Saed
    • Investigation
      Farooq Al Draj, Rashad Al Saed
    • Resources
      Farooq Al Draj, Rashad Al Saed
    • Software
      Farooq Al Draj
    • Visualization
      Farooq Al Draj, Rashad Al Saed
    • Writing – original draft
      Farooq Al Draj
    • Methodology
      Rashad Al Saed
    • Project administration
      Rashad Al Saed
    • Validation
      Rashad Al Saed
    • Writing – review & editing
      Rashad Al Saed