Impact of emotional intelligence on SME employees’ performance: Mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior

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This study delves into the intricate correlation between emotional intelligence and employee performance within the dynamic setting of Saudi small and medium enterprises. Acknowledging the increasing importance of emotional intelligence in the workplace, this study examines how emotional intelligence influences employee performance, with particular attention to the mediating role of organizational citizenship behavior. Employing a comprehensive research framework, the study integrates quantitative methods to analyze data collected from 248 employees across various Saudi-based small and medium enterprises. The findings indicate that high emotional intelligence enhances employee performance, with organizational citizenship behavior serving as a crucial mediator, strengthening the positive impact of emotional intelligence on performance. The results demonstrated a robust positive correlation with organizational citizenship behavior (β = 0.719***) and a moderate positive correlation with employee performance (β = 0.314***). In addition, organizational citizenship behavior played a significant positive mediating role between employee intelligence and employee performance (β = 0.397***). This suggests a nuanced interplay among emotional intelligence, organizational citizenship behavior, and overall employee performance within the specific context of Saudi small and medium enterprises.

Acknowledgment
The authors extend their appreciation to the Deanship of Scientific Research at Northern Border University, Arar, KSA, for funding this research work through project number NBU-FFR- 1502-03.

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    • Figure 1. Research framework
    • Figure 2. Measurement model
    • Figure 3. Structural model
    • Table 1. Study variables
    • Table 2. Participants’ demographics
    • Table 3. Reliability test
    • Table 4. Discriminant validity
    • Table 5. Path coefficients of hypothesized relationships
    • Table 6. Mediation pathway effect
    • Conceptualization
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Sania Khan, Solomon Gbene Zaato, Mourad Zmami, Noha Hamdy Mostafa Mohamed, Azam Malik
    • Data curation
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Solomon Gbene Zaato
    • Funding acquisition
      Hamood M. Alenezi
    • Investigation
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Sania Khan, Solomon Gbene Zaato
    • Project administration
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Sania Khan
    • Resources
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Sania Khan, Mourad Zmami, Noha Hamdy Mostafa Mohamed, Azam Malik
    • Software
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Noha Hamdy Mostafa Mohamed, Azam Malik
    • Writing – original draft
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Sania Khan, Solomon Gbene Zaato, Mourad Zmami
    • Writing – review & editing
      Hamood M. Alenezi, Sania Khan, Solomon Gbene Zaato, Mourad Zmami, Noha Hamdy Mostafa Mohamed, Azam Malik
    • Methodology
      Sania Khan, Solomon Gbene Zaato
    • Supervision
      Sania Khan
    • Visualization
      Sania Khan
    • Formal Analysis
      Solomon Gbene Zaato
    • Validation
      Solomon Gbene Zaato