Tuan Anh Nguyen

This study was carried out to examine the livelihood vulnerabilities encountered by residents in Vietnam’s urban areas during the emergence of the Covid-19 pandemic. People’s vulnerabilities are approached in terms of employment and income vulnerabilities. The study compares the changes in income and employment of residents in Vietnam’s urban regions during the outbreak of Covid-19 and after the epidemic which is gradually controlled to determine the livelihood losses that people in urban areas face. Data for the study were collected from 206 families in Vietnam’s urban areas that were directly affected by the epidemic. The multivariate regression method is used to evaluate people’s vulnerability during epidemic outbreaks. According to the findings of the study, the income disparity between the outbreak of the Covid-19 pandemic and the end of the epidemic is fairly considerable (about VND 7.6189 million/month). The multivariate regression model’s results reveal that the degree of government assistance provided during the epidemic time has the greatest positive impact on people’s income and quality of life (Standardized Coefficients = 0.584), whereas people’s unemployment during the pandemic outbreak period has a negative impact, causing damage to people’s income (Standardized Coefficients = –0.395). The study will recommend new livelihood strategies for residents in the context of Vietnam’s “new normal” based on the findings of the investigation.

This study is designed to analyze the influence of industrial park (IP) development on the lives of people living around the IPs in Vietnam and on new livelihood strategies for people after the industrial park was built and developed. Data were collected from a survey of 409 people living around industrial parks in three regions of Vietnam (Northern, Central, and South Vietnam). The findings show that the livelihood resources, such as financial resources, physical resources, social resources, and natural resources, have a positive relationship with people’s livelihoods after industrial park construction and development; though, the degree of influence of these resources is different. Whereas human resources have a positive effect (through the item – additional jobs created by the industrial park) and a negative effect on income (through the object – the unemployed labor by the industrial park built and developed). The findings also show that most households surveyed responded that their lives had changed for the better (about 41.36% compared to nearly 28.91% of households surveyed who said their income had decreased).

This study aimed to analyze the adaptation of workers in industrial parks in Vietnam post-COVID-19 through fluctuations in their income. Data were collected from a survey of 438 workers working in industrial parks and in-depth interviews with five workers in different positions in industrial parks. The study utilized the ordinary least squares (OLS) method to quantify the factors influencing workers’ income. Additionally, the difference test method was applied to assess the income variations among workers based on their professional qualifications and occupational skills. The most significant factor identified is the experience of workers (unstandardized coefficient = 0.271), followed by the education level of workers (unstandardized coefficient = 0.128). Additionally, the study reveals that differences in professional qualifications lead to an income disparity of 1.898 million VND per month, while the variations in complementary skills contribute to an income difference of 0.592 million VND per month. Furthermore, the adaptation of workers in Vietnam’s industrial parks post-COVID-19 is at a relatively good level. From there, the study suggests several solutions to enhance workers’ income to adapt to new post-COVID-19 conditions.