Analytical approach to digital channel performance optimization of mobile money transactions in emerging markets
-
DOIhttp://dx.doi.org/10.21511/im.16(3).2020.04
-
Article InfoVolume 16 2020, Issue #3, pp. 37-47
- Cited by
- 880 Views
-
378 Downloads
This work is licensed under a
Creative Commons Attribution 4.0 International License
Understanding marketing channel performance is a crucial and complex task for the mobile financial technology segment of the mobile industry in emerging markets. However, poor techniques and capabilities for channel optimization of the mobile money users across available channels by the service providers often undermine the performance of these channels. The research aims to develop a target selection and campaign optimization framework for mobile money customers along two channels of transactions. It is complemented by mapping the appropriate campaign techniques across digital and non-digital channels of mobile money transactions. The key analytical method is the combination of fuzzy c-means clustering and RFM algorithm for the target selection development through the usage logs of customers (n = 300) of a mobile service provider. The results indicated that fuzzy c-means clustering and RFM algorithm are efficient for target selection. Also, the mapping of clusters with the appropriate channel of transactions revealed that mobile money users’ transactions could be optimized along the digital channel. The analytic model’s output enables appropriate cross-selling and up-selling campaigns that optimize the service provider revenue from existing and new mobile money users within the customer base. The channel evaluation revealed mobile application channels to be a promising and future channel for mobile money transactions as smartphone penetration continues to grow in emerging mobile markets. That is a positive sign of the digital channel’s future potential for mobile money transactions in developing markets.
Acknowledgment
The authors wish to thank the University of Pecs under the Higher Education Institution Excellence Program of the Ministry of Innovation and Technology in Hungary within the framework of the 4th Thematic Program – “Enhancing the Role of Domestic Companies in the Re-industrialization of Hungary.”
- Keywords
-
JEL Classification (Paper profile tab)C61, M31, M39
-
References37
-
Tables6
-
Figures1
-
- Figure 1. Target selection models – fuzzy c-means (FCM) and RFM
-
- Table 1. Mobile money channel evaluation
- Table 2. The research approach for target selection model and revenue optimization opportunity
- Table 3. Clusters definition and characteristics obtained from the combined algorithm
- Table 4. Recency distribution
- Table 5. Frequency distribution
- Table 6. Monetary value distribution
-
- Aker, J. C., Boumnijel, R., McClelland, A., & Tierney, N. (2016). Payment mechanisms and anti-poverty programs: evidence from a mobile money cash transfer experiment in Niger. Economic Development and Cultural Change, 65(1), 1-37.
- Andrews, R., & Beynon, M. (2010). Organizational form and strategic alignment in f local authority: A preliminary exploration using fuzzy clustering. Public Organization Review, 11(3), 201-218.
- Ansari, A., & Riasi, A. (2016). Customer clustering using a combination of Fuzzy C-Means and Genetic Algorithms. International Journal of Business and Management, 11(7), 59-66.
- Asuming, P. O., Osei-Agyei, L. G., & Mohammed, J. I. (2019). Financial inclusion in sub-Saharan Africa: Recent trends and determinants. Journal of African Business, 20(1), 112-134.
- Baeshen, M., Beynon, M., & Daunt, K. (2017). Fuzzy clustering: Ana analysis of service quality in the mobile phone industry (Chapter 3). In A. Kumar, & T. K. Panda (Eds.), Handbook of Research on Intelligent Techniques and Modeling Applications in Marketing Analytics.
- Bezdek, J. C. (1981). Pattern Recognition with Fuzzy Objective Function Algorithms. Advanced Application in Pattern Recognition.Springer.
- Bongomin, G., Ntayi, J., Munene, J., & Malinga, C. (2018). Mobile Money and Financial Inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa: The Moderating Role of Social Networks. Journal of African Business, 19(3), 361-384.
- Chauhan, S. (2015). Acceptance of mobile money by poor citizens of India: Integrating trust into the technology acceptance model. Info, 17(3), 58-68.
- Chen, K., Kou, G., & Shang, J. (2014). An analytic decision-making framework to evaluate multiple marketing channels. Industrial Marketing Management, 43(8), 1420-1434.
- Chigwende, S., & Govender, K. (2020). Corporate brand image and switching behavior: case of mobile telecommunications customers in Zimbabwe. Innovative Marketing, 16(2), 80-90.
- Chikalipah, S. (2017). What determines financial inclusion in Sub-Saharan Africa? African Journal of Economic and Management Studies, 8(1), 8-18.
- Dermish, A., Kneiding, C., Leishman, P., & Mas, I. (2011). Branchless and Mobile Banking Solutions for the Poor: A Survey of the Literature. Innovations, 6(4), 81-98.
- Desai, S. (2011). Mitigating security risks in USSD-Based mobile payment applications. AUJAS Blog, Bangalore.
- Dongen, V. (2000). Graph clustering by flow Simulation (Unpublished Ph.D. Thesis). Centre for Mathematics and Computer Science (CWI) in Amsterdam.
- Gai, K., Qiu, M., & Sun, X. (2018). A survey on FinTech. The Journal of Networks and Computer Applications, 103(C), 262-273.
- Gensler, S., Dekimpe, M. G., & Skiera, B. (200). Evaluating channel performance in multi-channel enviroment. Journal of Retailing and Consumer Services, 14(1), 17-23.
- Gichuki, C. N., & Muhu-Mutuku, M. (2017). Determinant of awareness and adoption of mobile money technologies: Evidence of women micro-entrepreneur in Kenya. Women’s Studies International Forum, 67, 18-22.
- Gosavi, A. (2018). Can mobile money help firms mitigate the problem of access to finance in Eastern sub-Saharan Africa? Journal of African Business, 19(3), 343-360.
- GSMA. (2017). The Mobile Economy Sub-Saharan Africa 2017.
- Gustafson, D. E., & Kessel, W. C. (1979). Fuzzy clustering with a fuzzy co- variance matrix. In IEEE Conference on Decision and Control including the 17th Symposium on Adaptive Processes (pp. 761-766). San Diego, USA.
- Hughes, T. (2006). New channels/old channels: Customer management and multi-channel. European Journal of Marketing, 40(1/2), 113-129.
- International Organization for Migration (IOM). (2013). Migration and development within the South: New evidence from African, Caribbean and Pacific countries (MRS No. 46). IOM Migration Research Series.
- Johnson, R., & Wichern, D. (2002). Applied multivariate statistical analysis (6th ed.). Upper Saddle River, NJ. Prentice-Hall.
- Kabadayi, S. (2011). Choosing the right multiple channel system to minimize transaction costs. Industrial Marketing Management, 40(5), 763-773.
- Ketchen Jr, D. J., & Shook, C. L. (1996). The Application of Cluster Analysis in Strategic Management Research: An Analysis and Critique. Strategic Management Journal, 17, 441-458.
- Mawejje, J., & Lakuma, E. C. (2017). Macroeconomic Effects of Mobile Money in Uganda. Research Series 260017, Economic Policy Research Centre (EPRC).
- Mang’unyi, E., & Govender, K. (2019). Antecedents to consumer buying behavior: the case of consumers in a developing country. Innovative Marketing, 15(3), 99-115.
- MMA. (2018). Mobile Marketing Association. Mobile Applications.
- Mothobi, O., & Grzybowski, L. (2017). Infrastructure deficiencies and adoption of mobile money in Sub-Saharan Africa. Information Economics and Policy, 40, 71-79.
- Nayeri, M. D., & Rostami, M. (2016). Direct marketing using fuzzy clustering of customers – a case study of mobile phone company. International Journal of Advanced Research and Development, 1(2), 27-32.
- Ndirangu, L., & Nyamongo, E. M. (2015). Financial Innovations and Their Implications for Monetary Policy in Kenya. Journal of African Economies, 24(l-1), 46-71.
- Nyamtiga, B., Sam, A., & Laizer, L. (2013). Security perspectives for USSD versus SMS in conducting mobile transactions: A case study of Tanzania. International Journal of technology enhancements and emerging engineering research, 1(3), 38-43.
- Sanganagouda, J. (2011). USSD: A communication Technology to Potentially ouster SMS Dependency. ARICENT.
- Taskin, E. (2012). GSM MSC/VLR Unstructured Supplementary Service Data (USSD) Service. Uppsala University.
- Tsekouras, G., & Sarimveis, H. (2004). A new approach for measuring the validity of fuzzy c-means algorithm. Advances in Engineering Software, 35(8-9), 567-575.
- Ward, J. Jr. (1963). Hierarchical grouping to optimize objective function. Journal of the American Statistical Association, 58(301), 236-244.
- Zins, A., & Weill, L. (2016). The determinants of financial inclusion in Africa. Review of Development Finance, 6(1), 46-57.