Issue #1 (Volume 5 2025-2026)

Type of the article: Research Article

Urban public parks are increasingly recognized as important components of sustainable and green urban tourism systems, contributing to destination attractiveness, environmental quality, and visitor well-being. However, limited research explains how the quality of park facilities and services influences visitor behavior within urban tourism markets in emerging megacities. Grounded in the quality–satisfaction–loyalty framework, this study examines the effects of facility quality and service quality on visitor satisfaction and visitor loyalty across Jakarta’s public parks. Using 307 valid responses analyzed via partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM), the findings reveal that both quality dimensions significantly enhance visitor satisfaction, which, in turn, strongly drives loyalty. Visitor satisfaction mediates the relationship between quality dimensions and visitor loyalty, with full mediation observed for facility quality and partial mediation for service quality, underscoring its central role in shaping repeat visitation and positive word-of-mouth in urban green tourism contexts. The study contributes to the literature on tourism marketing and sustainable destination management and offers practical implications for tourism authorities and park managers seeking to strengthen satisfaction-driven loyalty in urban tourism markets.

Type of the article: Research Article

This study aims to examine how service and facility quality influence visitor loyalty through the mediating role of satisfaction in urban green tourism destinations in Surabaya, Indonesia. A convergent parallel mixed-methods design was employed, combining partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) of survey data from 400 respondents with reflexive thematic analysis of 24 semi-structured interviews, collected across three urban parks in Surabaya between March and April 2026. Quantitative results demonstrate that service quality (β = 0.576, t = 7.646, p < 0.001) and facility quality (β = 0.364, t = 4.849, p < 0.001) significantly predict satisfaction, jointly explaining 82.4% of its variance (R² = 0.824), while satisfaction exerts the strongest effect on visitor loyalty (β = 0.703, t = 8.896, p < 0.001), accounting for 78.0% of its variance (R² = 0.780). Satisfaction fully mediates the facility quality–loyalty relationship (indirect β = 0.256, p < 0.001; direct effect non-significant) and partially mediates the service quality–loyalty relationship (indirect β = 0.405, p < 0.001; direct β = 0.166, p = 0.042). These findings converge with three qualitative themes: ecological authenticity as a trust-building mechanism, facility cues as affective satisfaction drivers, and social embeddedness of loyalty intentions. Satisfaction operates as the central, type-contingent mechanism converting both service and facility quality into visitor loyalty, offering destination managers and municipal policymakers evidence for co-optimizing service delivery and ecological facility standards.

Acknowledgments
We gratefully acknowledge the cooperation of the Surabaya City Parks and Green Open Space Agency (Dinas Kebersihan dan Ruang Terbuka Hijau Kota Surabaya) for facilitating on-site data collection access across Kebun Bibit Wonorejo, Taman Kenjeran, and Taman Flora Bratang. We also thank the research enumerators and all study participants who generously contributed their time and insights to this investigation.
The quantitative dataset generated and analyzed during this study is available from the corresponding author upon reasonable request, subject to participant confidentiality constraints. Qualitative interview transcripts are not publicly available in order to protect participant anonymity; de-identified thematic summaries are available upon reasonable request to the corresponding author.

Type of the article: Research Article

This study aims to identify the key factors influencing tourist motivation and its subsequent impact on tourism effectiveness within the Vietnamese digital tourism sector. Research data were collected through an online survey utilizing a structured instrument measured on a five-point Likert scale. Data collection was carried out from January 15, 2026, to March 30, 2026, yielding 300 valid responses used for empirical analysis. The data analysis followed a systematic process, including scale reliability testing via Cronbach’s Alpha, exploratory factor analysis (EFA), confirmatory factor analysis (CFA), and structural equation modeling (SEM).

The structural model examines the impacts of tourism environment, tourism conditions, social media, guide quality, and travel attitudes on tourist motivation, as well as the path from tourism motivation to tourism effectiveness. The empirical results show that tourism environment, tourism conditions, guide quality, and travel attitudes all positively and significantly affect tourism motivation, with guide quality and travel attitudes as the strongest determinants. Notably, the study indicates that social media use does not significantly affect tourists’ travel motivation. Furthermore, structural path analysis confirms that tourism motivation serves as a critical full mediator directly driving tourism effectiveness (β = 0.413, p < 0.001). These findings clarify the central role of psychological mechanisms in digital travel and offer actionable implications for destination management organizations (DMOs) and tour operators to design structured itineraries and maximize service quality to enhance the overall visitor experience.