Yossie Rossanty

Crowdsourcing has emerged as a valuable tool for organizations seeking to access external knowledge and resources for their innovation processes. This study aims to investigate crowdsourcing capabilities in the context of new product development initiatives, with a focus on exploring the moderating effects of firm size and type. Structural Equation Modeling using Partial Least Squares (SEM-PLS) is used to analyze both the measurement and structural models, with data drawn from 217 owners and managers of diverse businesses in Indonesia. These businesses range from small to medium-scale enterprises across various types, including cafes, restaurants, fashion, culinary, and furniture. The findings reveal a positive and significant impact of crowdsourcing capabilities on new product development initiatives (β = 0.746, p = 0.000). Moreover, the relationship between crowdsourcing and new product development is moderated by firm size (whether small or medium) (β = 0.103, p = 0.045) and the type of business (β = 0.157, p = 0.012). The outcomes of this study are anticipated to enrich the body of knowledge and provide valuable guidance for enterprises seeking to harness crowdsourcing in their new product development processes, with specific factors like firm size and type taken into account.

Acknowledgment
This study was supported by the Indonesian Ministry of Education, Culture, and Technology Research in 2022: Research Grant Scheme “PDUPT”No. 124/LL1/LT/K/2022.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
Commercial banking employees are increasingly expected to exceed formal role requirements, yet how proactive work behavior relates to sustained extra-role performance remains poorly understood. This study tested whether job crafting is associated with contextual performance through a sequential chain in which work engagement and thriving at work were positioned as a proximal and a more distal correlate, respectively. Data were collected through a cross-sectional survey of 245 full-time employees across ten commercial banks in Medan, Indonesia, and analyzed using partial least squares structural equation modeling (PLS-SEM) with second-order reflective constructs. All three hypothesized structural paths were statistically significant: job crafting was positively associated with work engagement (β = 0.540), engagement with thriving (β = 0.530), and thriving with contextual performance (β = 0.520), all large effects (f2 = 0.368-0.414), together explaining 27.4%–30.0% of the variance in the endogenous constructs. The corresponding sequential indirect effects were also significant (job crafting-thriving: 0.286; engagement-performance: 0.275; job crafting-performance via both intervening variables: 0.149; all 95% CIs excluding zero). Because the model did not simultaneously estimate the corresponding direct paths, these indirect effects are reported as sequential associations rather than as evidence of a verified mediating mechanism, and, given the cross-sectional design, the ordering of engagement and thriving reflects a theoretical assumption rather than a demonstrated temporal sequence. With this caveat, the findings suggest that HR practitioners in banking and similar service contexts should pair structural support for job crafting with explicit developmental follow-through.