Economics of Development

Indexed/Abstracted

• Academic Journals Database
• Directory of Open Access Journals (DOAJ)
• Google Scholar
• Index Copernicus Journal Master List 2018 (ICV 2018: 76.74)
• JournalTOCs
• List of Journals recommended by the Ministry of Education and Science of Ukraine (Б)
• OCLC WorldCat
• Open Academic Journals Index
• Scilit
• SHERPA/RoMEO (Publisher copyright policies & self-archiving)
• СОЦИОНЕТ

Aggregators of Content

• LENS (Australia)
• RePec
• Vernadsky National Library of Ukraine

Open Access Statement

Journal is committed to full open access for scholarly publications. All articles are available to all users immediately upon publication (without registration on the site and embargo period).

By "open access" to this [research] literature, we mean its free availability on the public internet, permitting any users to read, download, copy, distribute, print, search, or link to the full texts of these articles, crawl them for indexing, pass them as data to software, or use them for any other lawful purpose, without financial, legal, or technical barriers other than those inseparable from gaining access to the internet itself. The only constraint on reproduction and distribution and the only role for copyright in this domain should be to give authors control over the integrity of their work and the right to be properly acknowledged and cited. (Source: http://www.budapestopenaccessinitiative.org/boai15-1)

Benefits of the open access are: increased citation and usage; rapid publication; faster impact with permissive licenses; copyright retention by the author.
Authors are commited to publish their articles under Creative Commons licenses (CC-BY 4.0). Find detailed information in the Copyright section.

Pay online

The publishing coordinator will inform you when you can pay Article Processing Charge (APC) and will provide with all instructions (the payment can be made only in case of acceptanсe for publication, for open access articles).

Founder and Publisher relations

The University is the subject of economic activities and the founder of the Journal as scientific specialized edition and has exclusive property rights to the Journal, “Business Perspectives” is the publisher. The relationship between the University/Founder and the Publisher do not provide for financial liabilities and calculations. All the payments for articles’ processing from the authors or third persons, giving the open access are the compensation of the expenses to the Publisher and are made to the checking account. The relationship between the University/Founder and the Publisher are fixed by the Agreement, according to which they are obliged, within the term of the Agreement, as well as during three years after the end of its term, under any circumstances not to disclose the confidential information, and ensure its protection.

The University/Founder is responsible for: Journal’s registration; appointing the Editor-in-Chief; determining the staff of the Editorial Board (body); formation of the editorial policy; determining main procedures and rules; attraction of articles, their peer-review and acceptance for publication; popularization and promotion of the Journal’s in the scientific community, citation systems, scientometric and bibliographical databases.

The Publisher is responsible for: additional plagiarism check for the articles and compliance with the submission requirements; technical editing of the article manuscript; assignment of DOI to the articles; making up of the articles and placing them on the Journal’s website; archiving of articles in the international archives; promotion of the Journal to the libraries, citation systems and scientometric databases; obligatory sending of the printed copies of the Journal. Also the Publisher is responsible for the Publishing policies, concerning the oversight on how the ethical principles are observed is built on mutual trust of the publication process participants and hope for compulsory observance of all the publication ethics principles, described in the “Publishing policies” and “Editorial policies” of the company.

The University/Founder is obliged to:

• form the editorial policy;
• ensure the work of the Editor(s)-in-Chief as for his/her effective editorial policy in compliance with the ethical principles and best publishing practices, directed towards attracting the quality articles, the plagiarism check for the article, ensures the articles’ peer-review and making the decision about their possible publication. Herewith the authors must obligatorily confirm the article’soriginality and that the materials presented in the articlewere not published anywhere before. After the article is accepted, he/she Editor-in-Chief or the authorized person transfer it to the Publisher for further processing;
• to place the articles published in the Journal in their own repository according to the license chosen by the author of the articleand in compliance with their own policy.

The Publisher is obliged to:

• ensure the effective support and development of the Journal’s website (first of all, at the account of constant actualization of its content);
• to receive articles from the Editor-in-Chief or the authorized person, which are defined by the University/Founder, to perform the additional check for compliance with the submission requirements, the quality of the language, plagiarism (selectively) and in case of serious violations to inform the Editor-in-Chief who must make final decision on the article;
• assign DOI to the articles;
• perform the printing and obligatory send the Journal’s copies (for printed Journal);
• define the cost of their own expenses for article processing (Article processing charge) for open access journals or open access articles in hybrid journal) and perform the measures on their compensation by agreement (oral or written) with founder;
• define the sum of prepayment for printed (hybrid) journals and perform the measures on the prepayment by agreement with founder;
• define the cost of access to closed access articles and perform the measures on giving it by agreement (oral or written) with University/Founder;
• perform the archiving of the articles in PORTICO or other archivers;
• perform the constant work of Journal’s promotion to databases;
• place the separate articles and issues of the Journal as a whole in the scientific content aggregators and world libraries.

Editorial Policies and Publication Ethics

The Limited Liability Company “Consulting Publishing Company “Business Perspectives” - publisher of "Economics of Development" Journal follows Principles of Transparency and Best Practice in Scholarly Publishing

Guidelines for editors and reviewers

Peer review

Conflicts of interest

Research misconduct policies

Correction and retraction policy

Plagiarism Statement

All manuscripts that are being sent for an external peer review, are screened for originality. By submitting their manuscripts to the journal authors are agreeing to any necessary originality checks the manuscript may have to undergo during the publication process.

The Publishing Company "Business Perspectives" advocates adherence to the principles of ethics and integrity of science, which is why it has chosen a reliable partner in ensuring the scientific publications quality and has concluded a cooperation agreement with Unicheck.

The service was created by Ukrainian developers in 2014 and is actively functioning at academic institutions, universities, publishing houses, etc. in Ukraine, Belgium, the USA and other countries of the world.

Clear and manageable reporting data (search and ability to take properly cited sentences and list of references); colorizing all text similarities and generating a list of links to original sources; automatic determining the characters and letters replacement in the text, as well as the reverse automatic substitution into the text of the correct ones and search for a modified version plagiarism; one-page test rate is 2-4 seconds; possibility of simultaneous check up as much as 100 works; support for 18 file formats; and multilingualism (56 languages) are the service advantages. Thanks to the detailed reports generated by Unicheck, the evaluating each work gets much simpler and faster.

Besides the Ukrainian software, manuscripts are additionally tested using the powerful Similarity Check service initiated by the PILA publishers association and embedded in CrossRef international scientific and research information register. This service is developed for publishers to prevent scientific and professional plagiarism; it consists of Similarity Check and the iThenticate tool, which compares the author's work with the database contents and shows similarities or similar text for further review of the academic paper.

Plagiarism implies the use another author's work without permission or acknowledgement. Plagiarism may have different forms from copying word by word to rewriting. While defining plagiarism the following definitions are taken into account:

Literal copying
Copying the work word by word, in general or in parts, without permission or acknowledgement of the source. Literal copying is clearly plagiarism and is easily detected by plagiarism software.

Substantial copying
Replicating substantial part of the work without permission and confirmation of the source. In determining what is "substantial", both the quantity and the quality of the copied content are relevant. Quality is measured by relative value of copied text comparing to the whole text. Where the essence of the work was copied, even not very big part of it, plagiarism is identified.

Paraphrasing
Copying may be made without literal replicating, used in the original work. This type of copying is known as paraphrasing and it may be the most difficult type of plagiarism to reveal.
Plagiarism in all its forms is unacceptable and will lead to immediate rejection of the paper along with possible sanctions against authors.

Publication History

The international research journal “Economics of Development” ISSN (print) 1683-1942, ISSN (online) 2304-6155, was founded by State Higher Educational Establishment "Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics" (Kharkiv, Ukraine) in 2002 and registered by Ministry of Justice of Ukraine (No. КВ 16780-5352ПР from May 25, 2010). The journal is published quarterly.

The journal is open-access. It is committed to full open access. All articles are available to all users immediately upon publication (without registration on the site and embargo period).

Since September 2018, the journal is published by LLC “CPC “Business Perspectives” (Sumy, Ukraine).

To contact the Editorial Office:

phone: (057) 702-07-28
e-mail:

Questions concerning manuscript (submission, status, publishing....): 

Editor of the Journal “Economics of Development (Економіка розвитку)”:

Oleh Kolodiziev, Doctor of Science in Economics, Professor, Head of the Department of Banking, Simon Kuznets Kharkiv National University of Economics, Kharkiv, Ukraine.

To contact the Publisher coordinator of the Journal:

To contact the Publisher:

phone/fax: +38 (0542) 221707
postal address: Hryhorii Skovoroda lane, 10, Sumy 40022, Ukraine

Technical/site support please contact:

Information for subscription agencies and subscribers:

If you would like to make a complaint please contact:

Structure of the Paper and Manuscript Submission Guidelines

Before submission to the editorial staff of the journal, please check Research Misconduct Policies, infringement of which will result in immediate rejection of the manuscript and possible sanctions against the author.
The authors are strongly recommended to read the “Guidelines for Authors and Translators of Scientific Articles to be Published in English” at the website of The European Association of Science Editors (EASE) http://www.ease.org.uk/publications/author-guidelines-authors-and-translators/, which guides our work.
Make sure that the manuscript presents an academic value, significance of research, as well as that its originality and practical significance are well described; the manuscript makes a contribution to earlier researches concerning the topic.

The author must take a close look at the manuscript requirements. They are not too rigid, but we recommend to meet them. Therefore, we ask the authors to make every effort to meet the requirements, as it will provide the quality of their materials and will make it easier for the editorial staff to set the manuscript for publication.

Please define the type of the manuscript of four possible variants and adhere to both the general guidelines and the recommendations, which are specific for the type of the chosen manuscript.

The following types of manuscripts can be submitted to the journal:

• research paper, which is a final report on the finished original experimental study (the structure is Abstract, Introduction, Literature review, Method, Results, Discussion, Conclusion);
• theoretical paper, which is devoted to theoretical study of the problem, which complies with the journal’s scope (the structure is Abstract, Introduction, Theoretical Basis, Results, Discussion, Conclusion);
• review paper, which is a study of concrete scientific problem, which complies with the journal’s scope and is conducted based on the materials of the scientific publications (the structure is Abstract, Introduction, Literature review, generalization of the main statements, Discussion, Conclusion);
• short communication paper on the event (conference, seminar, exhibition, issue of the important monograph), which complies with the journal’s scope (the paper is structured by the author in his/her own, but with compulsory reference to the date and place of the event, however, it does not include a big list of references and supplementary materials).

The manuscript should be sent to the journal via MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION FORM, with the filled and signed Cover letter form. Please, try hard to send a manuscript with good level of English. Well-written manuscripts will let editors and reviewers concentrate on their academic value.

Title

The title of the manuscript should fully reflect the topic of the research and its content. It must be short and concrete (not more than 15 words). Besides it should catch the reader’s interest and it should be written using the scientific style. It is appropriate to point the object of research or concretize it using the colon or the brackets. It is not recommended to use contractions, but if used, then only for the commonly known ones.

Author (authors)
Here the name (first name and last name) of the author (authors) must be written. Those authors who use the patronymic or middle name should write only the first. The authors whose names are written in the Cyrillic alphabet must transliterate them correctly. Those who need the transliteration can use the websites http://translit.net/ua/ or http://translit.net/ru/.
After the names of the authors, there should be written their academic degree and academic rank, places of work (university, academic institution, etc. or the organization to which they belong) (Affiliation), city and country. If the name of city or country is already used as author's affiliation still both the city and the country should be indicated. The name of the organization or the institution must be indicated, separated by the comma in the nominative case and this name must be full, without contractions and abbreviations. Also the authors should indicate their e-mails.
If there are several authors, they make a decision themselves concerning the order of their mentioning in the title of the paper (recommended variant – depending on the contribution to the research). The list of authors includes only those persons who have really taken part in the research and agreed to bear full responsibility for its content. Research funding or taking part in paying the article processing charge is not a prerequisite for being included in the list of co-authors. While forming the list of the authors, a special attention should be paid to the COPE (Committee on Publication Ethics) principles.

In order to bring the academic degrees, academic ranks and occupations, which are used in some emerging economies or the developing countries, in line with the international standards, the corresponding table should be used ENGLISH EQUIVALENTS FOR ACADEMIC RANKS, DEGREES AND JOB TITLES.

Abstract
The abstract must fully reflect the paper’s content. It is advisable to use Passive Voice or sentences such as “The paper deals with…” or “The study analyzes…” This should be done according to the following algorithm: first two or three sentences indicate the relevance of the topic; the aim and object of the study; the methodology (methods) of the study (for theoretical studies – its theoretical basis) are described; the results obtained are characterized, conclusions are drawn from them and the practical value (if any) is indicated. The main body of the abstract should demonstrate the result.
Every statement must follow logically from the previous one. In the abstract for a research paper, it is recommended to use the numerical results. The abstract of the review article should indicate the issues under study, and as a result, present the author's summary of the analysis.
The text should be concise and original. It is not appropriate to use the sentences in the Abstract from the text of the paper. At the same time, the material which is absent in the paper cannot be presented in the Abstract. It is advisable not to refer to any sources in the abstract, tables and figures cannot be also used.
The number of words must be in average 150-250. Non-standard or unusual abbreviations should be avoided, but if important, they should be identified when first mentioned in the abstract.

Кeywords
The purpose of keywords is to provide the insight to the reader into the contents of the paper. They should reflect the area of the research. The number of keywords should be 5-10 in average. There should not be the sentences, but the words or word groups. If the object of the study is not mentioned in the title of the paper (including the country, the region), it should be added to the list of keywords. There is no need to replicate words from the title of the manuscript.

JEL Classification
If earlier the author was not aware of this classification system, he/she should attentively look through it in order to have a common understanding of all the areas defined in it http://www.aeaweb.org/jel/jel_class_system.php. The codes, indicated by the author should clearly reflect the research area. The author is welcome to use the codes from two or three areas, if they are covered in the research.

Introduction
Both scientific issues and the relevance of the research should be substantiated and explained in the introduction. Also a problem statement should be pointed out. The introduction should not be long, the author should avoid using tables and figures.

Literature Review
Literature review provides an analysis and generalization of relevant works (papers, monographs, reports, theses, etc.), which describe the essence of the problem and/or give an understanding on the previous efforts to solve it. The Literature Review should comply with the aim of the research (“fitness for purpose”) and represent the results of critical analysis of the analytical base for testing the research hypothesis.
Literature review must not be limited only by works, which were published in the country where the author lives and works (the problem should be studied globally). Particularly it concerns the authors from non-English speaking countries (they are recommended to thoroughly analyze the works published in English).
If appropriate, normative legal acts are also analyzed.
Only those sources are given and analyzed in the paper, which really are valuable for the author’s research. The author cannot just make long lists of authors and their works, which are related to the investigated issues. The author cannot take the pieces of review text from other works with reference to other authors and include their works in the list of references. When citing, the author is obliged to observe ethical and moral principles.
While making literature review, the author can use own publications and refer to them, but only in order to describe the problem, but not to increase the citation level.
It is recommended to finish the literature review with the presentation of unsolved issues, identification of contradictions in the results and findings of the previous researches, justification of the need to continue the studies in this area and choice of the specific topic (direction) of this study.
In the literature review and throughout the text of the paper as a whole, references to the sources are made in compliance with Reference list and citation style guide or refer to APA formatting and style guide (American Psychological Association).

Aims
The aim describes main results in a short and concrete manner (in one sentence), the achievement of which is the purpose of the research. Here can also be mentioned several intermediate problems, the solution of which will ensure that the aim is achieved. The aim should not replicate the title of the manuscript.

Methods
The methods (methodology) of the study are indicated in this section (commonly known), which author uses in the research, and/or the methodology offered by the author himself is described in a short and concrete manner. If methods and procedures offered are used in other works, the author should refer to the original sources.
In this subsection of the theoretical paper the theoretical basis of the research should be described, theories, perspectives, formulae, equations should be presented.
If commonly known statistic procedures are used in the paper, the author should not describe their essence, it is sufficient just to point them.

Results
Here empirical or theoretical data obtained in the process of the research are given. It is recommended to use figures, tables, graphs, schemes. The interpretation of the obtained results is not made in this section. Also there should not be presented the results, which were earlier obtained by the authors or other scientists.

Discussion
Here the interpretation of the results obtained during the research is made. A comparison is made with the results obtained by other researchers.

Conclusion
In this section the main ideas of the manuscript are presented, the obtained results and their novelty are demonstrated. The possibility of practical use of the obtained results should be outlined and the directions for further scientific research should be offered.

Author Contributions:
When submitting an article, the corresponding author should define the role of each author. Please get acquainted with Authorship and Contributorship (the roles of individual author’s contribution according to the CRediT – Contributor Roles Taxonomy). Authors make themselves mutually responsible for the role allocation and must confirm the assigned roles and Acknowledgements in the Cover Letter. Author individual contributions will be indicated in the article in the Author Contributions section. Example:

Author Contributions
Conceptualization: Igor Paska, Larysa Satyr, Ruslana Zadorozhna.
Data curation: Alla Shevchenko.
Formal analysis: Ruslana Zadorozhna.
Investigation: Ruslana Zadorozhna, Leonid Stadnik, Alla Shevchenko.
Methodology: Igor Paska, Larysa Satyr, Ruslana Zadorozhna.
Project administration: Igor Paska, Larysa Satyr.
Supervision: Igor Paska, Larysa Satyr.
Validation: Igor Paska, Larysa Satyr, Ruslana Zadorozhna.
Visualization: Ruslana Zadorozhna, Leonid Stadnik.
Writing – original draft: Ruslana Zadorozhna.
Writing – review & editing: Ruslana Zadorozhna.

Acknowledgement(s):
The Acknowledgement section should specify the individuals or institutions, who have also contributed to the article but are not its authors (the relevant scientific programs, grants, scholarships, contracts are indicated, the persons or organizations, which helped an author in conducting the research, namely, access to information, organization of the survey, interview, etc.). All acknowledged individuals should agree to be acknowledged. Besides, an Editor may ask the corresponding author to provide the written consent from all acknowledged individuals for being mentioned in the Acknowledgement.

References
The list of references must be made in the alphabetical order. While indicating the source, which was analyzed in the source language (not in English), it should be indicated first in the source language, then the transliteration should be made in brackets. It is recommended that it should be done with the transliteration for English-speaking systems (it is better to use transliteration of the system British Standards Institution.
Download “Business Perspectives” Reference list and citation style guide or refer to APA formatting and style guide.
Transliteration from Ukrainian can be made with the help of Ukrainian transliteration and the website http://translit.net/ua/, from Russian – with the help of Russian transliteration, from several other languages, which use the Cyrillic alphabet, with the help of the website http://translit.net/ru/.
Examples of Ukrainian sources (if not published in English) transliterated.

Supplementary Materials
The supplementary materials are the big size figures, tables, graphs, schemes, photographs, etc., which are referred to throughout the text of the paper.

Paper Submission Guidelines
The number of words in the paper may vary from 4000 to 6000 (for short communication paper – from 1000 to 2000).Considering the issue concerning the calculation of the number of words in the paper, the information about the authors, title, abstract and keywords, list of references and appendices should not be included. The number of sources, in the list of references, should be determined by an author directly but be on average within 30-50. In the review articles, this number can be significantly higher. Supplementary materials should not exceed 5 pages. Note, that the paper should be submitted in the format Microsoft Word or compatible (.DOC, .DOCX).
Tables, schemes, figures, photographs of other authors should not be used in the text of the paper without their written permission.
The presentation of the text in the paper must comply with the Manuscript Submission Guidelines.

Publishing process

Submission process
To make a submission, please send a manuscript in MS Word format (.doc or .docx), and completed Cover letter via MANUSCRIPT SUBMISSION FORM.
Make sure that all supplementary materials (tables, figures, equations, and images) are editable. In case the Managing Editor asks to send editable elements, please do it as soon as possible to start the reviewing process. To prepare your manuscript for submission, please read Submission Guidelines.
Infringement of Research Misconduct Policies will result in paper rejection and possible sanctions against authors.

Review process
All papers are "double-blind" peer-reviewed. Detailed information can be found in Peer Review section.
All authors receive reviewer’s comments immediately after the manuscript had been reviewed. The authors have the opportunity to request a Referee Report, which they receive without revealing the identity of the reviewer and can appeal against editorial decisions responding to the referees with authors’ arguments and explanations.

Article Processing Charges (APC)
APC are paid by the authors in order for their articles to be published in open-access under one of Creative Commons licenses. APC cover the costs of publication process, including peer-review administrating, copy editing, hosting the files etc. APC is different for each journal; the detailed information can be found here.

Proofreading
After the paper is typeset, the publisher will provide the authors of accepted papers with proofs for the correction of errors. Only changes to the title of the paper, list of authors or scientific errors will be considered and further approved by the publishing team. The publisher is not responsible for the errors which are the results of authors' oversight. We reserve the right to make the final decision regarding style and the size of figures.

Personal Information Use and Protection

Provided personal information:

• contact information (name, e-mail address, post address, and phone number);
• information about education and professional experience;
• sign-in information;
• information about payment, e.g. credit or debit cards numbers;
• comments, reviews and messages you have posted at our resource;

Publisher may use authors’ personal information to:

• maintain the terms of copyright;
• find, investigate, and prevent security threat, fraud or other malpractice;
• provide authors with our resources, give them access to our products and services, fulfill order or transaction, hold researches or transactions;
• address authors’ claims, comments or problems;
• provide technical support;
• provide authors with individual personalized content and services;
• improve the quality of our resources, work out new products and services;
• define and analyze new trends;
• inform authors about all changes and updates of our resources, products and services.

We may share authors’ information with appropriate agents, representatives, mutual establishments and organizations, we are agents or sponsors to. This information may be shared only for appropriate reasons, which may be important for us in business matters or according to our legal obligations.

LLC “CPC “Business Perspectives” takes all necessary precautionary measures to protect your personal information from theft, abuse, unauthorized access, disclosure, change, and distraction with the help of appropriate administrative, physical, and technical measures in providing security.

Copyright

LLC “CPC "Business Perspectives” protects your rights as an author and guarantees that any juridical information and questions regarding author’s right will be regulated.

Open-access articles
Authors whose articles are published in open-access retain copyright to the content of the articles. The publisher is granted the right to make the first publication of the article. Open access articles can be published under the Creative Commons Attribution (CC BY) 4.0: allows content to be copied, adapted, displayed, distributed, re-published or otherwise re-used for any purpose including for adaptation and commercial use provided the content is attributed.

Permissions

If the article is published in open-access under CC BY 4.0 or CC BY-NC 4.0 licenses, users may reproduce it in accordance with their terms.

Additionally, if the article had been published under CC BY-NC 4.0 (which was possible till the 15th of December, 2018), the use for the following commercial purposes requires permission:

• reproduction of content in a work or product intended for sale;
• reproduction in presentations, brochures or other marketing materials used for commercial purposes;
• distribution of the content to promote or market a person, product, course, service or organization;
• text and data mining for the purpose of creating a saleable product or product which benefits from promotional or advertising revenue;
• use of the content by a commercial entity or individual for the purposes of remuneration, directly or indirectly through sale, licensing, promotion or advertising;
• linking to the content (in an email, webpage, portable electronic device or otherwise) for the specific purpose of marketing or advertising a person, product, course, service or organization for commercial benefit.

For further details and permission requests, please contact

Acceptance rate

Editorial Board members and reviewers constantly work on increasing the efficiency of manuscripts evaluation and selection of papers that are vitally importantto the scientific field. Therefore, there are factors resultingin rejection of a significant share of papers submitted for publication. The reasons for rejection can be different. The main ones are listed in Peer Review and Research Misconduct Policies.

LLC “CPC “Business Perspectives” emphasizes that place of work or country of residence of the scientist, his racial or religious affiliation can in no case be the reason for rejection.

We earnestly ask the authors to be sure to read and understand the publication ethics principles. Submitted manuscripts should be relevant in content and comply with the journal's aim, tasks and specialization.

The language of the manuscript should be professional, and the format should comply with the standards given. Weak English and incompliance with the format standards do not necessarily lead to rejection, but can delay paper acceptance until the author makes the amendments. The acceptance rate for the journal is calculated as a number of manuscripts accepted for publication compared with thetotal number of manuscripts submitted in one year.

To have a clear vision about the period of consideration and process of the paper review, authors can always contact the editorial assistant. The period of paper consideration is not fixed and can vary depending on different factors, but our employees will keep you informed about the status of the publishing process.

On average, it takes 49 days to make a publication decision after receiving the submitted manuscript.

Number of articles published in “Economics of Development”:

2010 – 138
2011 – 138
2012 – 84
2013 – 104
2014 – 93
2015 – 49
2016 – 45
2017 – 43
2018 – 33
2019 – 20

Self-Archiving Policy

The Journals self-archiving policy is presented on the SHERPA/RoMEO site.

The author may deposit pre-print version of the paper (manuscript by the author, submitted to the journal, before peer-review and without any editorial amendments) to any platform anytime with acknowledgement to the Publisher and the Journal (acknowledgement should be made as follows: "This is a pre-peer-reviewed version of the paper submitted for publication to [name of the Journal] published by LLC "CPC "Business Perspectives").

The author may deposit post-print version of the paper (accepted version of the manuscript after peer-review and content amendments, but before copyediting, typesetting and proof correction) to the author's personal website, provided that it is non-commercial, and to the repository of the author's institution, where it can be made publicly available immediately upon publication, with acknowledgement of the Publisher and the Journal (acknowledgement should be made as follows: "This is an accepted peer-reviewed version of the paper. The published version of the article is available at LLC "CPC "Business Perspectives" at http://dx.doi.org/[DOI of the article]").

The Author may deposit published version of the paper (final edited and typeset version that is made publicly available by the Publisher and can be considered an article) to any institutional repository, and distribute and make it publicly available in any way with acknowledgement to the Publisher and the Journal (acknowledgement should be made as follows: "This is a published version of the paper, available at LLC "CPC "Business Perspectives" at http://dx.doi.org/[DOI of the article]").

Article processing charge

The APC (Article processing charge) is paid once, only if the manuscript is accepted for publication after being peer reviewed (Business Perspectives does not use submission or review charges).

The article processing charge (APC) ensures the full immediate access to the article on the publisher’s website (without registration on the site and embargo period). The APC covers the costs of publication process (copy editing, formatting the text, to compose the figures and tables, etc.) including the administrating of peer-review process, the permanent archiving of the articles, site administrating (hosting the files of the articles, maintenance and support of the site), the promotion of the journal and articles (to share the journals content all over the world, serve the indexing services, etc.) and customers support.

Article processing charge for “Economics of Development” for the authors with affiliation in high-income countries or upper middle-income countries is 55 €, APC for the authors with affiliation in lower middle-income countries 30 € and APC for the authors with affiliation in low-income countries is 15 €. Please request an invoice (or information about other methods of payment) from a Managing Editors or follow the link to Pay online.

If the size of the manuscript exceeds the established limit (6000 words) then authors should contact a Managing Editors to elaborate on publication details.

Please pay attention that LLC “Consulting Publishing Company “Business Perspectives” can’t receive payments from high-risk and non-cooperative countries. The jurisdictions list http://www.fatf-gafi.org/countries/#high-risk.

During the publishing process the authors can order the printed copy of the issue from an editorial assistant per 125 €.

Discounts
In order to enhance the publishing opportunities for authors from low-income countries, the Publishing Company provides a system of partial compensation of Article Processing Charges. The Publisher also offers personal discounts for some authors from these countries. In such cases the author should apply to the Publisher with a fully substantiated request concerning both discounts for APC or for a free publication. Such an application is considered in each case individually.