Thi Van Trang Do

Debt maturity structure plays an important role in enterprises’ capital structure policies, and debt maturity varies from industry to industry. The paper investigates the determinants that affect the debt maturity structure of listed firms in the consumer goods industry from 2009 to 2019. The data is collected from consumer goods companies listed on the Vietnam Stock Exchange. The feasible generalized least squares (FGLS) estimation is demonstrated to consider not only micro but also macroeconomic variables that have influenced the corporate debt maturity policy. The empirical results show that five microeconomic factors, such as capital structure, asset structure, asset liquidity, profitability, and firm size, have influenced the debt maturity and are statistically significant. Meanwhile, macroeconomic factors such as inflation rate and credit growth have significantly affected the corporate debt maturity. Finally, the paper provides some suggestions for financial managers on the optimal corporate debt maturity in the consumer goods sector and recommendations for policy-makers when implementing macroeconomic policies.

This study aims to examine whether the capital structure and several factors have significant influences on firm value in Vietnam. To achieve this objective, 435 non-financial listed companies have been selected from 2012 to 2019 on Vietnamese stock exchanges. Four groups of firms continue to be chosen from the total to investigate the differences in the outcomes among industries. The results altogether using the GMM method show that the impact of capital structure and other control variables on firm value is significant, yet different across industries: capital structure has a significant positive impact on firm value in the food and beverage industry, but has a significant negative effect on the value of the firm in wholesale trade and construction, as well as real estate industry, while has an insignificant influence on enterprise value considering all industries. Apart from the firm size, the impact of other control factors on firm value also indicates mixed results.

This article investigates the impact of earnings management on market liquidity measured by the depth of the market. Managers have desired to provide amazing performance of companies, manage their earnings through non-discretionary accruals. Consequently, investors have trouble evaluating the stock value and misunderstanding of the market liquidity because of manipulated information.
To this aim, the fixed-effect model (FEM) is implemented to analyze the financial information of 170 listed firms on the Vietnam Stock Exchange over the period 2013–2016. The empirical results emphasized that market liquidity is influenced by earnings management that means the higher level of earnings management, the better equity liquidity. The findings provide additional insight into the determinants of stock liquidity such as earnings management, firm size, daily trading dollar volume of stock, average daily trading dollar volume of the firm, daily returns of stock, daily stock returns, average closing stock price of the firm.

Type of the article: Research Article

Abstract
Prompted by the recent increase in accounting manipulation cases and the deterioration in Vietnam, this study investigates the significance of earnings management and whether financial distress leads to increased earnings management in corporate activities. This study examines the impact of financial distress on earnings management among firms listed on Vietnam’s stock exchanges from 2013 to 2024, a period when significant changes in economic conditions occurred. The article has utilized the Modified Jones Model and Raman and Shahrur Model to analyze the influence of financial distress and other factors on the earnings management of listed companies. The regression results provide evidence that firms with mild distress tend to engage more in income-increasing practices, while those under severe distress show a reduced tendency to manipulate earnings. However, the relationship between financial distress and income-decreasing earnings management remains inconclusive. These findings underscore the need for enhanced transparency and differentiated oversight mechanisms in Vietnam’s financial reporting environment, especially for firms not immediately flagged as financially risky. The research contributes to the existing literature by offering new insights into managerial behavior under varying financial conditions in an emerging market context.

Acknowledgment
The authors gratefully acknowledge the financial support from the Banking Academy of Vietnam.